A

(SEE ALSO: Conservation; Hunting and Capture; Natural Death or Injury)

x			1932	Hirasaka, K. (DD; Japan; trap seine; 3.)
x			1943	Lowery, G.H., Jr. (TM; Louisiana; blasting for seismic survey; 253.)
x			1951a	Moore, J.C. (TML; Florida; blasting; 3-4.)
x			1957	Cadenat, J. (TS; Senegal; nets; 1368-1369.)
x			1958	Leakey, L.S.B. (DD; East Africa; fishing nets; m19.)
x			1965	Harrisson, T. (DD; Borneo, Sabah; nets; 103.)
x			1965	Layne, J.N. (TML; Florida; propeller wounds; 166-167.)
x			1966	Jarman, P.J. (DD; Kenya; nets; 85.)
x			1966	Thomas, D. (DD; Rameswaram, India; nets; 80-82.)
x			1969	Allsopp, W.H.L. (TM; Guyana; barges, culverts; 347.)
x			1969	Bibby, G. (DD; Abu Dhabi; nets; 304.)
x			1970a	Bertram & Bertram (DD; Sri Lanka; nets; 53-55.)
x			1970b	Bertram & Bertram (DD; Sri Lanka; nets; 363.)
x			1970	Yin, T. (DD; Burma; nets; 326.)
x			1972	Heinsohn & Birch (DD; Australia; nets; 415-417.)
x		*	1972	Heinsohn, G.E. (DD; Australia; nets; 205-208.)
x			1972	Kenchington, R.A. (DD; Australia; nets; 884.)
x			1974a	Hartman, D.S. (TM; Florida; boats, 213-214; other causes, 222.)
x		*	1974	Heinsohn & Spain (DD; Australia; nets; 146-152.)
x			1975	Forrester et al. (TM; intussusception; 566-568.)
			1976	Campbell & Powell
x			1976	Cole & Okera (TS; Sierra Leone; nets; 42.)
x			1976	Gallagher, M.D. (DD; Bahrain; blasting for seismic surveys; 211.)
x		*	1976	Heinsohn, Marsh & Spain (DD; Australia, Kenya; nets; 117-121.)
x			1976	Neville et al. (TI; Peru; nets; m155.)
x			1977	Harris & Bertram (DD; Abu Dhabi; nets; 5-6.)
x			1978	Heinsohn et al. (DD; Australia; boats; 92.)
x			1979	Barrett, S.K. (TM; Florida; flood-control dams; 26.)
x			1979	Hartman, D.S. (TM; Florida; 124-125.)
x		*	1979	Odell & Reynolds (TM; southern Florida; flood-control dams, etc.; 572-577.)
			1979	Paterson, R.
x			1980a	Anon. (TM; Florida; boats, dams; pop. acc.; 49.)
			1980	Harper, H. (TM; Florida)
x			1980	Lal Mohan, R.S. (DD; India; fishing nets; 392-397.)
x			1981a	Anderson, P.K. (DD; mode of entanglement in nets; boat collisions; 643.)
x			1981b	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Australia; boat; m106.)
x			1981	Beck et al. (TM; Florida; 1978; 76-85.)
x			1981a	Beusse et al. (TM; Florida; 1974-77; 98-101.)
x			1981	Brownell & Ralls (TM; Florida; carcasses salvaged, 1974-77; 147-154.)
x			1981	Brownell, Ralls & Reeves (TM; Florida; review & research needs; 6-10.)
x			1981	Irvine, Odell, & Campbell (TM; Florida; 1974-77; 67-75.)
x			1981c	Reynolds, J.E., III (TM; Blue Lagoon, Miami, Florida; flood-control dams, boats, etc.; 29-30.)
x			1981	Schad et al. (TM; Panama Canal; boat, blasting; 2.)
x			1982a	Anon. (TMM; Brazil; net; 3.)
x		*	1982	Beck et al. (TM; Florida; analysis of propeller wounds; 531-535.)
x			1982	Bonde, R.K. (TM; Florida; pop. acc.; 3-5.)
x			1982	Fletemeyer, J. (TM; Florida; protection by sonar monitoring near dredges; 296-299.)
x			1982	Marsh & Heinsohn (DD; Australia; nets; 3.)
x			1982	Montgomery et al. (TM; Panama Canal; blasting, ship propeller; 257.)
x			1982	Rathbun et al. (TM; South Carolina; nets; 154, 156-157.)
x			1982	Robineau & Rose (DD; Djibouti; shark nets; 235, 237.)
x			1983a	Anon. (DD; Persian Gulf; oil spill; 180.)
x			1983	Begley et al. (DD; Persian Gulf; Nowruz oil spill; 79.)
x		*	1983	Bonde et al. (TM; salvage & necropsy manual; i-v, 1-175.)
x			1983a	Gluckman, D. (Florida; laws & educational programs for manatee protection; 233-252.)
x			1983a	Kinnaird, M.F. (TM; northeastern Florida; boats; 47, 49.)
x		*	1983b	Kinnaird, M.F. (TM; Florida; strategies to reduce boat-related mortality, 1-19; propeller guard designs, 20-43.)
x		*	1983c	Kinnaird, M.F. (TM; Florida; causes of boat-related mortality; 1-41.)
x			1984	Buergelt et al. (TM; Florida; necropsy findings; boat kills, ingestion of monofilament line, drowning; 1331-1333.)
x			1984	Buergelt, C.D. (TM; Florida; 1980-83; 28-29.)
x			1984	Hall, A.J. (TM; Florida; photo of propeller injury; 400.)
x			1984	Marsh, Heinsohn & Marsh (DD; Australia; possible biases in shark-net data, 773, 778; survivorship & mortality, 778-780.)
			1984	Northridge, S.P.
x			1984	Powell & Rathbun (TM; northwestern Florida; 1974-82; 18-19, 21.)
x			1984b	Anon. (DD; Arabian Gulf; oil spills, fishing; 362.)
x			1985	O'Shea, Beck et al. (TM; Florida; 1976-81; 1-11.)
x			1985	Rathbun, Woods & Ottenwalder (TM; Haiti; beach seines; 234-236.)
x			1986c	Anon. (DD; Persian Gulf; not exterminated by oil spill; 25.)
		*	1986	Marsh, Freeland et al. (DD; Northern Terr., Australia; stranding by cyclone)
x			1987	Estrada & Ferrer (TM; Cuba; nets, boats, blasting for seismic surveys; 10.)
		*	1988	Beeler & O'Shea (TM; southeastern U.S.)
x			1988	Bulman, P. (TM; Florida; boats; 23.)
x			1988	Dailey et al. (TM; Florida; boat; m159.)
x			1988	Ho, H.C. (DD; Singapore; ?boat; 25.)
x			1988e	Marsh, H. (DD; Queensland; nets; 497-498.)
x			1988	O'Shea et al. (TM; Venezuela; boats, nets; 284, 289, 292.)
x			1988a	O'Shea, T.J. (TML; southeastern U.S.; historical records; 186-187, 190-191, 199-200.)
x			1988	Provancha & Provancha (TM; Banana R., Florida; boats; 332.)
x			1988	Reeves et al. (TS; Sierra Leone; nets; 83.)
x			1989	Leatherwood & Reeves (DD; Sri Lanka; nets; 4, 80, 85-89.)
x			1989	Lewis, T.A. (TML; Florida; boats; pop. acc.; 42-49.)
x		*	1989a	Preen, A. (DD; Arabian region; oil spill, 6, 51, 53, 69, 83, 90, 119; ?red tide, 43, 55; gill nets, 47-53, 96-100, 127-130, 134; trawlers, 100, 128-129.)
			1990	Oliveira et al. (TMM; northeastern Brazil; mortality)
x			1990	Paterson, R.A. (DD; Queensland; shark nets; 155-156.)
x			1990	Rathbun et al. (TM; northwestern Florida, 1982-85; boats; 23, 30-32.)
x			1990	Sigurdsson & Yang (DD; Singapore; boats, ?nets; 28, 34.)
x			1991	Beck & Barros (TML; Florida; debris ingestion & entanglement; 508-510.)
x			1991	Bradley, J.J. (DD; Northern Territory, Australia; nets; m107.)
x			1991	Frazier & Mundkur (DD; India; nets; 371-372.)
x			1991	Haigh, M.D. (TMM; Guyana; boat collisions in canals; 345, 347.)
x			1992	Ketten et al. (TML; boats; possible role of poor hearing; 88-89, 92.)
x			1992	Marmontel et al. (TMM; Colombia; boat; m308.)
x			1992	Shackley, M. (TML; Florida; effects of tourism; 257-261.)
x			1993	Turner & Buckingham (TML; Georgia; tugboat; 1, 10-11.)
			1994	Vallee, J.D. (TML; Florida; boat collisions)
			1994	Vallee, J.D. (TML; Florida; boats)
x		*	1995	Ackerman et al. (TML; Florida; mortality, 1974-1992; 223-258.)
x			1995	De Iongh, Wenno et al. (DD; Lease Islands, Indonesia; nets; m761.)
x			1995	O'Shea, T.J. (TML; Florida; boats, 298-302, 305, 308-309; fishing, 302-303.)
x			1995	Preen & Marsh (DD; Hervey Bay, Queensland; gillnets; 516.)
			1995	Reid et al. (TML; Atlantic coast, Florida; reproduction & mortality)
			1995	Wright et al. (TML; Florida; boat collisions, 1979-1991; 259-268.)
x			1996a	Anon. (TML; Florida, 1995; pop. acc.; 11.)
x			1996	Krogh & Reid (DD; New South Wales; shark nets; 221-223.)
x			1996	Pain, S. (TML; Florida; flood-control gates & protective devices; 22.)
			1996	Yang & Zhou (incidental catch)
x			1997	Marsh et al. (DD; Australia; fishing nets; 130.)
			1998	Gribble et al. (DD; Queensland; shark nets)
x			1998	Preen, A.R. (DD; Arabian Gulf; at least 14 killed in 1991 Gulf War oil spill; m176.)
			2000	Marsh, H. (DD; Great Barrier Reef, Australia; gill & mesh nets)
x		*	2001	O'Shea et al. (TML; Florida; injury & suffering; population biology; 31-43.)
		*	2001	Marsh et al. (DD; Queensland; mortality in shark nets)
x			2002	Ashley, G. (TML; Florida; boats; 8.)
			2003	Aipanjiguly et al. (TML; Tampa Bay, Florida; attitudes of boaters)
x			2005	Anonymous (DD; Tanzania; nets; 492.)
		*	2006	Laist & Shaw (TML; Florida; boat speed restrictions and mortality)
			2006	Phillips et al. (TML; detection ranges for acoustic-based manatee avoidance technology)
			2006a	Yan, Clifton et al. (TML; rib bone; fracture mechanics)
			2006	Maitland et al. (DD; Burrum Heads, Queensland, Australia; risk of boat strike)
			2006	Lightsey et al. (TML; watercraft-related mortality; necropsy methods)
			2007	Anderson, L.H. (TML; children's novel)
			2007	Calleson & Frohlich
		*	2007	Rommel et al. (TML; watercraft-induced wounds)
			2007	Self-Sullivan, C. (TMM; Belize; non-lethal boat scars in Marine Protected Area)
			2007	Morris et al. (TML; boater outreach program)
			2007c	Borges et al. (TMM; Brazil; threats and injuries from motorboats)
			2007	Hodgson et al. (DD; Australia; use of acoustic alarms to prevent accidental netting)
		*	2008b	Clifton et al. (TML; rib bone; quantitative fractography)
x			2008	Chiang, M. (TML; Lake Okeechobee, Florida; anti-crush system on canal lock gates; pop. acc.; 8-10.)
			2008	Grech et al. (DD; bycatch assessment)
			2008	Meirelles, A.C.O. (TMM; Ceará, Brazil; mortality)
			2008a	Clifton et al. (TML; mechanical properties of rib bone)
			2009	Anonymous (Trichechus; collisions with boats)
			2009	Joly et al. (TML; necropsies; cause-specific mortality rates)
			2009	Silva, A. B., & Marmontel, M. (TI; Brazil; death from ingestion of plastic.)
			2010	Work et al. (experiments on boat collisions)
			2010	Jett & Thapa (TML; Florida; speed zone compliance by boaters)
			2011	Harr et al. (TML; boat strike; infection)
			2012	Jett et al. (TML; Florida; boater speed-zone compliance)
		*	2012	Bonde, Mignucci-Giannoni, & Bossart (pathology & mortality assessment)
			2012	Reynolds & Marshall (physical traits, life history, & vulnerability of sirs.)
x			2013	Friedman-Rudovsky, J. (TM; Cuba; fishing trawls; m447.)
			2013	Bauduin et al. (TML; Florida; interaction with watercraft)
			2014	González-Socoloske et al. (TMM; Honduras; entanglement in fishnets)
			2015	Martin, Sabatier et al. (TML; encounter rate theory & boat collisions)
			2016	Edwards et al. (TML; Florida; diving & risk of boat collisions)
			2017	Reinert et al. (TML; marine debris)
			2018	Rycyk et al. (TML, Florida; behavioral response to boats)
		*	2019	Udell et al. (TML; evaluating risk of collision with boats)
			2019	Mayaka et al. (TS; Cameroon; conflicts with humans)
			2020	Bassett et al. (TML; scars from sublethal watercraft injuries)
			2021	Medeiros et al. (TM calves; Paraiba, Brazil; strandings & mangroves)
			2023	Lin et al. (DD; South China Sea; bycatch)
			2023	Galves et al. (TMM; Belize; watercraft collisions.)
			2023	Rahim et al. (DD; bycatch estimates; Brunei Bay, Malaysia.)
			2024	Zhang, N. and Zhang, Y. (correlation between gyral size, brain size, and head impact risk.)
			2024	Aragones, L. V., Morado, A. N. L., Obusan, M. C. M., Laggui, H. L. M., Bondoc, J. L., Suarez, L. J. A., & Lawler, E. K. (DD; Philippines; strandings)

x			1944	Barbour, T. (TML; Florida; manatees seen from blimp; 99.)
x			1971	Hughes & Oxley-Oxland (DD; Mozambique; 299-300.)
x			1974a	Hartman, D.S. (TM; Florida, Georgia; 2, 5, 33-36, 38, 203-209.)
x			1976	Heinsohn & Wake (DD; eastern Queensland; 16-18.)
x			1976	Heinsohn, Spain & Anderson (DD; Queensland; 21-23.)
x			1976	Ligon, S.H. (DD; Queensland; 580-582.)
x			1976	Odell, D.K. (TM; southern Florida; 203-206, 212.)
x			1977	Ligon & Hudson (DD; Papua New Guinea; 1-5.)
x			1978	Anderson & Birtles (DD; Queensland; 2, 5-6.)
x			1978	Anderson & Heinsohn (DD; Australia; results comp. w/ questionnaire surveys; 21.)
x			1978	Campbell & Gicca (TM; Mexico; 260, 263.)
x			1978	Heinsohn et al. (DD; Brisbane, Australia; 91-92.)
x			1978	Irvine & Campbell (TM; southeastern U.S.; 613-617.)
x			1979	Bengtson & Magor (TM; Belize; 230-232.)
			1979	Eberhardt et al.
			1979	Heinsohn et al. (DD; Australia)
x			1979	Leatherwood, S. (TM; Indian & Banana Rs., Florida; 47-59.)
x			1980	Belitsky & Belitsky (TM; Dominican Republic; 313-319.)
x			1981	Brownell, Anderson et al. (DD; Palau; 25-33.)
x			1981	Elliott, M.A. (DD; Northern Territory, Australia; 57-62.)
x			1981a	Heinsohn, G.E. (DD; Queensland; 55.)
x			1981c	Heinsohn, G.E. (DD; survey techniques; 217-227.)
x			1981b	Hudson, B.E.T. (DD; Papua New Guinea; outline of survey program; 134.)
x			1981	Marsh & Heinsohn (DD; Queensland; workshop on survey techniques; 345-353.)
x			1981	Marsh et al. (DD; Wellesley Islands, Australia; 261-264.)
x			1981	Powell & Waldron (TM; upper St. Johns R., Florida; 42, 50.)
x			1981	Powell et al. (TM; Puerto Rico; 642-646.)
x			1981	Powell, J.A., Jr. (TM; Crystal R., Florida; 33-35.)
x			1981	Prince et al. (DD; Western Australia; 69-80.)
x			1981	Rose, P.M. (TM; Florida; at power plants, 1977-78; 22-24.)
			1981	Shane, S.H.
x			1982a	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay, Australia; 69-84.)
x			1982	Eberhardt, L.L. (TM; Florida; applicability to censusing; 3-4, 6, 14.)
x			1982	Fairbairn & Haynes (TM; Jamaica; 289-293.)
x			1982	Irvine et al. (TM; western Florida; 621-630.)
x			1982	Irvine, A.B. (TM; Florida; recommended survey techniques; 241-242.)
x			1982	Ligon, S.L.H. (DD; Kenya; 1975; 511-513.)
x			1982	Robineau & Rose (DD; Djibouti; 235-236.)
			1983	Hudson, B.E.T. (DD; Torres Strait)
x			1983a	Kinnaird, M.F. (TM; northeastern Florida; census of manatees and boats; 1-56.)
x			1983	Kochman et al. (TM; Crystal R., Florida; 1977-81; 80, 92-114, 117.)
x		*	1983	Packard & Mulholland (TM; Florida; 1977-82; 1-119.)
x		*	1983	Packard et al. (TM; Florida; correction factors derived from radiotagging; 1-10.)
x			1983	Rathbun et al. (TM; Honduras; 301-305.)
x			1983b	Shane, S.H. (TM; Brevard Co., Florida; 3-5.)
x			1984	Marsh, Heinsohn & Marsh (DD; Australia; observations of calves; 771-772, 774-776.)
x		*	1984	Packard, Frohlich et al. (TM; Ft. Myers, Florida; 1983-84; 1-63.)
x			1984	Powell & Rathbun (TM; northwestern Florida; 2-3, 10-18.)
x			1984	Shane, S.H. (TM; Brevard Co., Florida; power plants; 181-182.)
			1985	Kinnaird, M.F. (TM; Florida)
x			1985	Kochman et al. (TM; Crystal R., Florida; 921-924.)
x			1985	Packard, Frohlich et al. (TM; Ft. Myers, Florida; 1984-85; 1-20.)
x		*	1985a	Packard, J.M. (TM; development of techniques; i-vi, 1-68.)
x			1985	Packard, Summers & Barnes (TM; Florida; correction factors derived from radiotagging; 347-351.)
			1985	Rathbun, Carr et al. (TM; Puerto Rico)
x			1985	Rathbun, Woods & Ottenwalder (TM; Haiti; 234-235.)
x			1985	Reynolds & Wilcox (TML; Florida; power plants, 1982-83; 413-422.)
x			1986a	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay, Australia; 475, 477, 479-481.)
x			1986	Bayliss, P. (DD; Australia; experimental techniques; 27-37.)
			1986	Hudson & Marsh (DD; Torres Strait)
x			1986a	Marsh, H. (DD; Torres Strait; 55-65.)
x		*	1986	Packard et al. (TM; Florida; use of replicate counts; 265-275.)
x			1986	Prince, R.I.T. (DD; northern Western Australia; 5-20, 35-37.)
x			1986	Reynolds & Wilcox (TML; Florida; power plants, 1984-85; 103-113.)
			1988b	Anderson, P.K.
			1988	Nabor & Patton (TML; west coast of Florida)
x			1988	O'Shea et al. (TM; Venezuela; 283-289, 297-298.)
x			1988	Provancha & Provancha (TM; Banana R., Florida; 323-338.)
x			1988	Rathbun et al. (DD; Palau; 265-270.)
x			1988	Rathbun, G.B. (TM; Florida; advantages of fixed- vs. rotary-wing aircraft; 71-75.)
			1988a	Reynolds & Wilcox (TML; Florida)
			1988b	Reynolds & Wilcox (TML; Florida; power plants, 1977-1986)
x			1989	Bayliss & Freeland (DD; Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia; 141-149.)
x			1989	Chambers & Bani (DD; aerial survey "not the most appropriate technique" for status survey in Vanuatu; 13-14.)
x			1989a	Marsh & Sinclair (DD; Australia; visibility bias correction; 1017-1024.)
			1989b	Marsh & Sinclair
			1989	Nabor & Patton (TM; Florida)
x			1989	Packard et al. (TML; Ft. Myers, Florida; near power plant; 692-700.)
x			1989	Preen et al. (DD; Arabian region; techniques; 41-42.)
x		*	1989a	Preen, A. (DD; Arabian region; 18-24, 27-32, 36-47, 57-66, 75-81, 94-96, 100-112, 115-119, 156-162, 176-200.)
x			1990	Marsh & Saalfeld (Australia, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Queensland; 1986-87; 511-524.)
			1990	Morgan & Patton (TML; west coast of Florida)
x			1990	Rathbun et al. (TM; northwestern Florida; 1-33.)
			1991	Hersh, S.L. (TML; Florida; Feb. 1991; pop. acc.)
			1991	Kadel, Dukeman & Patton (TML; western Florida; 1988)
			1991	Kadel, Morgan & Patton (TML; western Florida; 1990)
x		*	1991	Lefebvre & Kochman (TML; Florida; replicate count methodology; 298-309.)
x			1991	Marsh & Saalfeld (DD; Torres Strait; 1987-88; 187-191.)
x		*	1991	O'Shea & Salisbury (TMM; Belize, 1989, 156-158; summary of data from Caribbean region, 159.)
x			1991	O'Shea et al. (TML; Ft. Myers, Florida, 1982; 169, 173.)
		*	1992	Kadel & Patton (TML; Florida; 1985-90)
x			1994	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay, Australia; 381-386.)
x			1994	Garrott et al. (TML; Florida; power plants, 1977-1992; 642-654.)
			1994	Livermore, B. (TMM; Honduras; aerial survey; pop. acc.)
x			1994	Marsh et al. (DD; Shark Bay, Australia; 149-161.)
x			1994	Reynolds & Wilcox (TML; Florida; power plants, 1982-1992; 163-177.)
x			1994	Tilmant et al. (TML; south Florida; before & after 1992 hurricane; 236.)
			1995	Ackerman, B.B. (TML; Florida; progress report)
x			1995	De Iongh, Wenno et al. (DD; Lease Islands, Indonesia; 759-761.)
			1995	Lefebvre et al. (TML; Florida)
x			1995	Marsh et al. (DD; Palau; 85-89.)
			1995a	Marsh, H. (DD; fixed-width transects)
x			1995	Preen & Marsh (DD; Hervey Bay, Queensland; 508-517.)
x			1995	Reynolds et al. (TMM; Costa Rica; 193, 195.)
		*	1996	Miller et al. (TML; Florida; aerial survey & aerophotogrammetry)
			1996	Wamukoya et al. (DD; Kenya)
			1997	Adulyanukosal et al. (DD; Andaman coast, Thailand;)
x			1997	Craig et al. (TML; Atlantic coast, Florida; population trends, 1982-92; 524-541.)
x			1997	Marsh, Harris & Lawler (DD; Torres Strait, 1987 & 1991; 1377-1381.)
			1997	Morales & Olivera (TMM; Quintana Roo, Mexico; 1992-96)
x			1997	Preen et al. (DD; Western Australia; 188-195, 198-205.)
			1997	Wamukoya et al. (DD; Kenya)
x		*	1999	Miller et al. (TML; Florida; strip-transect methods; 561-570.)
x			1999	Whiting, S.D. (DD; Sahul Banks, Australia; 1996; 609-612.)
x			2000	Lefebvre et al. (TML; Indian River Lagoon, Florida; 1988-89; 290-291.)
			2000	Flamm et al. (TML; Florida; videogrammetry from tethered airship)
			2001	Marsh & Lawler (DD; southern Great Barrier Reef & Hervey Bay, Australia)
			2002	White et al. (TML; Duval Co., Florida; 1994-98)
		*	2002	Wright et al. (TML; Tampa Bay, Florida; 1987-94; 259-274.)
			2003	Lanyon, J.M. (DD; Moreton Bay, Australia; 1995; 397-409.)
			2004	Craig & Reynolds (TML; Atlantic coast of Florida; model of population trends)
			2004	Marsh et al. (DD; Torres Strait, Australia)
			2004	Gales et al. (DD; Western Australia)
			2005a	Hines et al. (DD; Thailand)
			2006	Pollock et al. (DD; aerial survey methods)
			2006	Holley et al. (DD; Shark Bay, Australia)
			2007	Shirakihara et al. (DD; southern Japan)
			2007	Kiszka et al. (DD; Mayotte)
			2007	Edwards et al. (TML; Florida; detection probability)
			2008	Garrigue et al. (DD; New Caledonia)
			2008	Hines et al. (DD; Cambodia & Vietnam; conservation)
			2010	Rajamani & Marsh (DD; Malaysia)
			2010	Lanyon et al. (DD; Queensland, Australia)
			2011	Semeyn et al. (TML; Lee County, Florida)
			2011	Langtimm et al. (model to estimate manatee abundance)
			2012	Martin et al. (experimental use of drones)
		*	2012	Reynolds et al. (utility & design of aerial surveys for sirs.)
			2013	Hodgson et al. (DD; Australia; use of drones in aerial surveys)
			2013	Maire et al. (DD; detection from drones)
			2013	Alves et al. (TMM; northeastern Brazil)
			2014	González-Socoloske et al. (TMM; Honduras)
			2014	Kleen & Breland (TML; Citrus County & Kings Bay, Florida; seasonal use of warm-water refuge)
			2014	Hagihara et al. (DD; Australia; correction factors for surfacing times)
		*	2016	Edwards & Ackerman, eds. (TML; Florida; 1984-2004)
			2016	Alves et al. (TMM; Brazil; abundance estimate)
			2018	Mignucci, Iglesias et al. (TMM; Puerto Rico; helicopter surveys)
			2019	Castelblanco-Martínez et al. (TMM; Caribbean region; monitoring methods)
			2019	Collazo et al. (TMM; Puerto Rico; population estimates)
			2020	Infantes et al. (DD; Thailand; reproductive behavior; use of drones)
			2020	Landeo-Yauri et al. (TML; Belize; photo-identification by drones)
			2020	Dunshea et al. (DD; observer performance & effect of ambiguous taxon identification)
			2021	Edwards et al. (TML; aggregations; monitoring by unmanned aerial systems)
		*	2021	Keith-Diagne et al. (TS; Senegal River; movement patterns; satellite tracking)
			2023	Farinelli, S.M.; et al. (TI; detection by unmanned aerial vehicle; Brazil)
		*	2023	Wang, Z. et al. (TML; Florida; counting with Artificial Intelligence)
			2023	Cossa et al. (DD; drones & machine-learning for monitoring dugong feeding grounds & gillnet fishing)
			2024	Mannocci et al. (DD; conservation; New Caledonia)

(SEE ALSO: Indian Ocean; Egypt; Madagascar; Red Sea)

			1582	SEE Luke, H.C., 1925.
			1660	SEE Soza de Castro, F. de, 1907.
			1682	SEE Merolla da Sorrento, J., 1814.
			1684	SEE Santos, J. dos, 1814.
			1735	Atkins, J.
			1746	Barbot, J.
			1747	Prévost, A.F.
			1757	Adanson, M. (Senegal)
			1777	Sparrman, A.
x			1812	Beeckman, D. (Cape of Good Hope; hippopotamus referred to as "manitee" or "sea-cow"; 150-151.)
			1814	Merolla da Sorrento, J. (TS; Zaire R.)
x			1814	Santos, J. dos (DD; Mozambique; 700-701.)
x			1830	Davies, J. H. (DD; "Mombass" [=Mombasa?]: 188.)
x			1836b	Robert, C. (TS; Senegal; skeleton; 363.)
x			1837	Herapath, A. N. (Manatus senegalensis; Gabon R.; gen. acc.; 110-111.)
			1838-45	Smith, A. (DD)
			1843	Clarke, R.
			1845	Adanson, M. (TS; Senegal)
x		*	1848	Perkins, G.A. (Manatus nasutus, n.sp.; West Africa; 198-199.)
x			1851	Wyman, J. (Manatus nasutus; West Africa; 192.)
			1856	Owen, R.
x			1857	Baikie, B. (Manatus Vogelii, M. Senegalensis; 29-31, 33.)
			1857-58	Barth, H.
x			1857	Shaw, N. (TS; Benué R.; 98-99.)
x			1860	McBain, J. (TS; skull; 150-152.)
x			1861a	Du Chaillu, P.B. (TS; "Camma country", West Africa; 367.)
x			1861b	Du Chaillu, P.B. ("Manatus Oweni"; West Africa; m471.)
x			1868	Heuglin, M.T.v. (supposed "Manatus" in Ethiopia; 247, 289.)
			1872a	Gervais, P. (cf. Halitherium; Isthmus of Suez; 341.)
x			1874	Schweinfurth, G. (TS; Keebaly R.; 160.)
			1875	Monteiro, J.J.
			1875a	Zigno, A. de (Halitherium sp.; Mioc., Isthmus of Suez)
			1877	Peters, W.
x			1881	Flower, W.H. (TS; West Africa; hunting; 454-455.)
			1881	Nachtigal, G.
x			1883	Moloney, C.A. (TS; Gold Coast; 27-29.)
x			1883	Rochebrune, A.T. de (TS; Senegambia; 190-191.)
			1884	Johnston, H.H.
			1885	Büttikofer, J.
x			1888	Jentink, F.A. (TS; Liberia; 33-34.)
			1889	Noack, T.
x			1890	Büttikofer, J. (TS; Liberia; 2: 392-393.)
			1890	Du Bocage, J.V.B.
			1893	Matschie, P.
			1897	Sjöstedt, Y.
			1900	Cligny, A.
			1901	Gratiolet, L.
x			1903	Gruvel, A. (TS; Congo; barnacle Chelonibia manati; 116.)
x			1905b	Osborn, H.F. (origin of sirs.; m242.)
			1906	Johnston, H.H.
			1907b	Anon.
			1908	Maclaud, C. (TS; hunting)
			1912	Andrews, C.W.
			1912	Stanley, W.B. (TS; Gambia)
			1912	Wiese und Kaiserswaldau
x			1913	Frobenius, L. (TS in Yoruba mythology; 1: 199.)
			1917	Calvert, A.F.
			1920	Marquardsen, H.
			1920	Schwarz, E.
x			1923	Anon. (TS; Niger R.; 75.)
x			1923a	Petit, G. (DD; traditional customs; Comoro Is., 75-77, 80; Red Sea, 77, 83; French Somaliland, 80.)
			1923	Robert, M. (Congo)
			1924	Migeod, F.W.H.
x			1924e	Petit, G. (DD; Djibouti; m295.)
x			1924-25	Vosseler, J. (DD; German East Africa; feeding behavior; 225-226.)
			1925	Luke, H.C. (TS; Sierra Leone in 1582)
x			1925	Pécaud, G. (Manatus Vogeli & M. senegalensis; Lake Chad & Benué R.; 48.)
			1925	Pivert, E.C.V.
x			1926	Derscheid, J.M. (TS; Congo; 23, 28-31.)
			1926	Migeod, F.W.H. (TS; Sierra Leone)
x			1927b	Petit, G. (DD; Malindi, Kenya; hunting; m248.)
			1928	Monod, T. (TS; Cameroon)
x			1929	Stunkard, H.W. (TS; Congo; trematodes; 255.)
			1930	Glanville, R.R. (TS; Sierra Leone)
			1930	Martin, E. (TS; Sierra Leone)
			1930	Schouteden, H.
x			1931	Meek, C.K. (TS; Nigeria; folklore; 76-78, 304.)
			1932	Anon. (TS; Sierra Leone)
			1933	Anon.
			1933a	Dollman, G.
x			1933b	Dollman, G. (DD; Mafia Is., Tanganyika; 16-17.)
x		*	1934	Hatt, R.T. (TS; distr.; 533-534, 554-561, 566.)
x			1935	Barrett, O.W. (DD; Portuguese East Africa; 219-220.)
x			1935	Dartevelle, E. (?Halitherium; Mioc., Congo; 717-719.)
x			1936	Baylis, H.A. (TS; Nigeria; trematodes; 257.)
			1936	Jeannin, A. (TS; Cameroon)
x			1936	Lopes, A.P. (DD; Mozambique; 33-36.)
			1936	Maclatchy, A.R.
x			1937	Johnson, E. (TS; Gambia; 63.)
x			1937	Sanderson, I.T. (TS; Mamfe; 266-268.)
x			1937	Woods, F.J. (TS; Nigeria; hunting, measurements, rituals; 23-28.)
			1938	Monard, A.
			1938	Roddan, G.M. (TS; Sierra Leone)
x			1939	Beal, W.P.B. (TS; gen. acc., econ. use; 125-126.)
			1945	Budker, P.
			1947	Irvine, F.R. (TS)
x			1948	Bessac & Villiers (TS; Senegal; 188-189.)
			1948	Wilmet, F.
			1949	Holas, B. (TS; legends; Africa.)
x			1949a	Anon. (TS; Belgian Congo; m36.)
x			1949	Colmant, F. (TS; Belgian Congo; 11.)
			1949	Malbrant & Maclatchy (TS; Sangha R., Congo)
			1951	Jeannin, A. (DD)
x			1952	Dekeyser, P.L. (TS; Senegal; 243.)
			1952	Hamidun, M.W. (Mauritania)
x			1952	Macfadyen, W.A. (indeterminate sirs.; Middle Eoc., Somalia; 348.)
			1953	Ellerman et al.
x			1954	Ennouchi, E. (Felsinotherium cf. serresi; Plioc., Morocco; 77.)
x			1957	Cadenat, J. (TS; Senegal; 1368-1369.)
x			1958	Anon. (DD; Kenya; photos; 693, 792.)
x			1958	Leakey, L.S.B. (DD; East Africa; in large rivers; 19-20.)
x			1958	Savory, B. (DD; East Africa; 255-258.)
x			1960	Blancou, L. (TS; West Africa; conservation; 244.)
x			1961	Moore, J.C. (DD; Kenya; photos; 54-55.)
			1962	Magnier, P. (Libya)
			1963	Bertram, G.C.L. (TS, DD)
x			1964	Cansdale, G. (TS; Ghana; 170-171.)
			1964	Savage & White
x			1965	Kuhn, H.-J. (TS; Liberia; 333.)
x			1965	Savage, R.J.G. (Middle Eoc. sirs., Libya; 90-91.)
x			1965	Stubbings, H.G. (TS; Senegal; barnacles; 876.)
x			1966a	Anon. (DD; Kenya; netting; pop. acc.; 46-49.)
			1966b	Anon. (DD; Kenya)
x			1966	Funaioli & Simonetta (DD; Somali Republic; status; 317.)
x		*	1966	Jarman, P.J. (DD; Kenya; 82-88.)
x			1966	Kinzer, J. (TS; Ivory Coast; 47.)
			1967	Travis, W. (DD; Somalia)
			1968	Howell, J.H.
			1968	Ray, G.C. (DD; Tanzania)
			1968a	Simons, E.L.
			1968	Selley, R.C. (sir. [Rytiodus heali]; Mioc., Jebel Zelten, Libya)
x			1969	Allsopp, W.H.L. (TS; Sierra Leone; 351.)
x			1969	Curry-Lindahl, K. (DD & TS protected under African Conservation Convention; 122.)
			1969	Hughes, G.R. (DD; Mozambique)
x			1969	Robinson & Black (Mioc. sirs., Tunisia; m69.)
x			1970	Howes & Bamber (DD; Kenya; 327.)
x			1970	Lowes, R.H.G. (TS; Sierra Leone; 310.)
			1971	Best, P.B.
x			1971	Hughes & Oxley-Oxland (DD; Mozambique; 299-301.)
x			1971	Kingdon, J. (DD; natural history; 391-398.)
x			1971	Randall, J.E. (DD; Tanzania; proposed reserve; m12.)
			1971	Robinson, P.T.
x			1971	Savage, R.J.G. (Eoc. & Mioc. sirs., Libya; 219-221.)
x			1972	Dupuy, A.R. (TS; Senegal; 780.)
			1972	Norris, H.T.
x			1973	Bertram & Bertram (DD, East Africa, 307-308; TS, West Africa, 317.)
			1973	Dupuy, A.R.
			1973	Happold, D.C.D. (TS)
x			1973	Poche, R. (TS ?extinct in Niger; 218.)
			1973	Savage & Hamilton
x			1974	Bertram, G.C.L. (DD; Somalia; 17-19.)
x			1974	Itoh & Tsuyuki (TS; Gambia R.; 307.)
			1974	Robinson & Black (indeterminate sir.; Mioc., Tunisia)
			1974	Robinson, P. (Tunisia)
x			1974	Sikes, S. (TS; Nigeria; hunting, conservation; 465-470.)
			1974?	Simoneau, E.L. (DD; Afars & Issas)
x			1975	Bertram & Sale (dugong research in East Africa; report of meeting; 389-390.)
			1975	Happold, D.C.D.
x			1975	Savage, R.J.G. (Eoc. & Mioc. sirs., Libya; m824.)
x			1976	Cole & Okera (TS; Sierra Leone; 42-43.)
			1976	Dupuy & Maigret (TS; Senegal)
x			1976	Heinsohn, Marsh & Spain (DD; Kenya; accidental netting; 121.)
			1976	Robinson, P. (Tunisia)
			1976	Smithers & Lobão Tello (DD; Mozambique; 166.)
x			1976	Tinley et al. (DD; Mozambique; 346, 348.)
			1977	Dupuy & Verschuren (TS; Senegal)
x			1977	Savage & Tewari (indeterminate sirs.; Middle Eoc., Somali; 218.)
x		*	1978c	Domning, D.P. (review of sir. fossil record in Africa; 573-581.)
x			1979	Boaz et al. (Metaxytherium; Plioc., Libya; 137-139.)
x			1979	Cascudo, L. da C. (TS; West African folk beliefs; pop. acc.; 28.)
x			1980	Blair, D. (DD; Kenya, Djibouti; trematode Indosolenorchis hirudinaceus; 512-513.)
			1981	Teleki & Baldwin (TS; Sierra Leone)
x			1982	Boaz & Cramer (Metaxytherium; Plioc., Sahabi, Libya; pop. acc.; 37, 40-41.)
x			1982c	Domning, D.P. (Metaxytherium serresii; Plioc., Sahabi, Libya; 29-32.)
x			1982	Ligon, S.L.H. (DD; Kenya; aerial survey; 511-513.)
			1982	Maigret, J. (TS; Senegal)
x		*	1982	Nishiwaki et al. (TS; distr.; 137-147.)
x			1982	Robineau & Rose (DD; Djibouti; 233-238.)
x			1982	Trotignon, J. (TS; Senegal; pop. acc.; 61-64.)
			1984	Studenetskaya, I.S.
x			1985	Kendall, B. (DD; Kenya; pop. acc.; 32-33.)
x			1985	Said, R.J. (Kenya; traditional stories of dugong origins; 34.)
x			1986	Goldsmith, P. (DD; East Africa; hunting with remoras; 231.)
x			1986	McLaren et al. (TS; Cameroon; 296.)
			1986	Yalden et al. (Ethiopia)
			1987a	Anon. (TS; Ivory Coast)
x		*	1987	Domning & Thomas (Metaxytherium serresii, Plioc., Sahabi, Libya, 209, 230; Metaxytherium sp., Mioc., Sahabi, 209.)
			1987	Pickford, M. (Eoc. or Olig., Angola)
x			1988	Boekschoten & Best (dispersal of Trichechus from America in Pleist.; 110-111.)
			1988	Fitzgerald, C. (TS; Ivory Coast)
x		*	1988	Reeves et al. (TS; Sierra Leone; 75-84.)
			1988	Howell, K.M. (DD; Tanzania; conservation)
x			1989	Geraads, D. (Metaxytherium sp.; Late Mioc., Djebel Krechem, Tunisia; 781, 791.)
			1990	Wacher, T. (TS; Gambia)
			1992	Depierre & Vivien (TS; Cameroon; 116-117.)
			1994	Akoi, K. (TS; Reserve de la Conkouati, Congo)
x			1994	Marsh & Lefebvre (distr. & status; TS, 160; DD, 161, 164.)
			1994	Nicole et al. (TS; Côte d'Ivoire)
x			1994	Stuart & Stuart (DD; distr. & status; 97.)
x			1995	Kalk, M. (DD; Mozambique; 329-330.)
x			1995	Schuhmann, H.-J. (TS; Guinea-Bissau; 402-409.)
		*	1996	Powell, J. A. (TS; West Africa; distribution & biology)
x			1996	Grigione, M.M. (TS; Cameroon; 189-195.)
			1996	Wamukoya et al. (DD; Kenya; aerial survey)
			1997	Dutton, T.P. (DD; East Africa)
x			1997	Barnett & Prangley (TS; Guinea; 129-130.)
			1997	Guissamulo, A. (DD)
			1997	Wamukoya et al. (DD; Kenya; aerial survey)
x			1998	Grubb et al. (TS; Ghana, Sierra Leone, Gambia; 138-139.)
			1998	Stensland et al. (DD; Tanzania)
			1999b	Dodman, T. (TS; status)
			1999a	Dodman, T. (TS; conservation)
			1999	Angelici et al. (TS; Niger Delta)
			1999	Reiner & Simões (TS; Guinea-Bissau; 119-120, 317, 416.)
			1999	Silva et al. (TS; Guinea-Bissau)
x			2000	Happold, D.C.D. (TS; Nigeria; m195, m201.)
			2001?	Di Natale, A. (TS; Mali; gen. acc.)
			2002	Jousse & Chenal-Velarde (TS; Mali; Neolithic site)
			2003	Ochieng & Erftemeijer (DD; Kenya & Tanzania; 83.)
x			2005	Anonymous (DD; Mafia Island, Tanzania; 492.)
			2007	Dodman et al. (TS; conservation strategy)
			2007	Kiszka & Muir (DD; eastern Africa; gen. acc.)
x			2008	Pickford, M. (indeterminate sirs.; Middle Mioc., Pemba & Zanzibar Is., Tanzania; 231-232.)
			2009	UNEP/CMS (TS; conservation action plan)
		*	2010	Sikes, S.K. (TS; Nigeria)
		*	2010	Domning et al. (sir. fossil record)
			2011	Findlay et al. (DD; Mozambique)
			2011	Domning & Sorbi (Rytiodus heali, n.sp.; Early Mioc., Jabal Zaltan, Libya)
		*	2012	Hautier et al. (Prorastomidae indet.; Middle Eoc., Senegal)
		*	2012	Kouadio, A. (TS; West Africa; distribution, status, & conservation.)
		*	2012	Muir & Kiszka (DD; East Africa; distribution, status, & conservation)
			2012	Keith Diagne, L. (TS; Gabon)
			2012	Luiselli et al. (TS; Nigeria; habitat overlap with crocodiles)
			2012	UNEP/CMS (TS; West Africa; conservation)
			2013	Prista et al. (Euro-North African sirs.; extinction)
			2013	Ogogo et al. (TS; South Nigeria; ecology & status)
		*	2013	Benoit et al. (new primitive sir.; Eoc., Tunisia; ear region, comp. w/ Prorastomus sirenoides)
			2013	Mayaka et al. (TS; Cameroon; conservation & ethnobiology)
			2013	Domning, D.P. (gen. acc.)
			2014	Zouhri et al. (Eosiren sp.; Late Eoc., Morocco)
			2014	Esenowo et al. (TS; Nigeria; measurements, behavior, food preferences)
			2014	Gingerich & Cappetta (Protosirenidae, Dugongidae; lower Middle Eoc., Togo)
x			2015	Coster et al. (indet. sir.; Early Olig., Sirt Basin, Libya; 50-52.)
			2016	Cosentino & Fisher (TS; as bushmeat)
		*	2017	Domning et al. (Libysiren sickenbergi, n.gen. n.sp.; middle Eoc., Libya)
			2019	Odewumi et al. (TS; Nigeria; water parameters & flora of habitat)
			2019	Mayaka et al. (TS; Cameroon; conflicts with humans)
			2021	Keith-Diagne et al. (TS; Senegal River; movement patterns; satellite tracking)
			2021	Takoukam et al. (TS; Cameroon; habitat suitability)
			2023	Nkollo-Kema Kema, C.A.; Kema Kema, J.R.; Aken, I.A.; Nzambe, M.; Mombo, A.; and Zinga Koumba, C.R. (TS; Gabon)
			2024	Awadh, A., et al. (DD; Kenya; recovery; seagrass ecosystems)

(SEE ALSO: Birth and Breeding; Embryology & Ontogeny; Growth Rates; Population Biology)

x			1866	Lartet, E. (Rytiodus; tusks; 676-677.)
			1908a	Freund, L.
x			1938	Todd & Todd (Trichechus spp., DD; epiphyseal union sequence; 4-5, 31-35.)
x			1940	Pocock, R.I. (DD; cranial sutures, 331; cheek teeth, 339-340.)
x			1948	Bessac & Villiers (TS; lifespan ?100 years, 188; "swallow one pebble per year", 189.)
x			1968a	Bertram & Bertram (DD; tusks, teeth; m390.)
x			1970	Scheffer, V.B. (DD; tusks; 187-190.)
x			1972	Heinsohn, G.E. (DD; body length; 208-211.)
x		*	1973	Mitchell, J. (DD; skulls, teeth; 1-23.)
x			1974	James, P.S.B.R. (DD; skulls, teeth; 174-176, 180-182.)
x			1976	Mitchell, J. (DD; tusks; 25-28.)
x			1977	Domning & Magor (TI; tooth replacement not useful; 437.)
x			1978	Kasuya & Nishiwaki (DD; tusks; 301-310, 4 pls.)
x		*	1978	Mitchell, J. (DD; tusks; 317-348.)
x		*	1980	Marsh, H. (DD; Australia; dentition; 181-201.)
x			1980	Domning & Myrick (TI; tetracycline marking of rib; 203-207.)
x			1981	Marsh & Kasuya (DD; tusks; workshop on growth-layer reading; 354-368.)
x		*	1981e	Marsh, H. (DD; techniques; 311-343.)
x			1981	Mitchell, J. (DD; Queensland; growth layers in tusks; 99-109.)
			1984	Myrick, A.C., Jr.
x			1989a	Preen, A. (DD; Arabian region; growth layers in tusks; 54, 86.)
			1990	Marmontel et al. (TML; growth layers in bone)
x			1991a	Domning, D.P. (DD; pelvic bones; ontogenetic variation; 311-316.)
x		*	1996	Marmontel et al. (TML, TMM; growth layers in bone; 54-88.)
		*	2009	Schwarz & Runge (TM; age estimation; body length; Bayesian analysis)
x			2009	Bragg, Micháel (Thïs is å såmple ãnnötatiön för testing önlý.)
			2012	Parr et al. (DD; molecular aging)
			2017	Nganvongpanit et al. (DD; Andaman Sea & Gulf of Thailand)
		*	2019	Lonati et al. (TML; periotic bones)
		*	2020	Cherdsukjai et al. (DD; Thailand; age determination by telomere length, body length & weight)

x			1884b	True, F.W. (TM; m114.)
x			1964	Siler, W.L. (indeterminate sir.; Middle Eoc.; 1108.)
x			1965	Arata & Jackson (indeterminate sir.; Middle Eoc.; 175-176.)
x			1982	Domning, Morgan & Ray (indeterminate sirs.; Eoc.; 4, 6, 8-9, 17.)
x			1988a	O'Shea, T.J. (TM; 187, 199.)
x			1990	Rathbun et al. (TM; 30.)
		*	2005	Fertl et al. (TM)
		*	2009	Pabody et al. (TM)
x			2015	Baker, J.R. (TML; pop. acc.; m46.)
			2017	Hieb et al. (TM)

x		*	1883	Stejneger, L. (HG; Aleutians; 84.)
x		*	1884b	True, F.W. (HG; supposedly seen alive at Attu; 136.)
x			1885a	Woodward, H. (HG; bones supposedly found in peat; 458.)
x			1891	Lucas, F.A. (HG; Attu; m627.)
x	D		1924	Hay, O.P. (Desmostylus; ?Alaska; 1.)
x			1958	Grekov, V.I. (HG; Aleutians; 96-98.)
x	D		1959	Byers, F.M. (Cornwallius; Unalaska; 289.)
x	D		1961	Drewes et al. (Cornwallius; Unalaska; 606-607, 667.)
x	D		1963	Mitchell & Repenning (desmostylians; 11, 15-16.)
x			1971	Gard & Szabo (HG; Pleist., Amchitka; 577.)
x		*	1971	Hall, E.S., Jr. (HG; archeological site, Kangiguksuk; 23, 34, 52.)
x			1972	Gard et al. (HG; Pleist., Amchitka; 867-868.)
			1975	Pewe, T.L.
x			1975	Szabo & Gard (HG; Pleist., Amchitka; 457-459.)
	D		1976	Reinhart, R.H. (Cornwallius; Unalaska; 283-284.)
x		*	1977	Whitmore & Gard (HG; Pleist., Amchitka, 1-19; archeological site, Kangiguksuk, 3, 15.)
x			1978b	Domning, D.P. (HG; 105, 135-139, 161-162.)
x			1978	Simenstad et al. (HG; former ecological role in Aleutians; m409.)
		*	1979	Liapunova, R. G. (HG; Near Islands)
			2004	Savinetsky et al. (HG; in archaeological sites)
	D		2006b	Beatty, B.L. (Cornwallius sookensis; Unalaska)
	D	*	2007	Jacobs et al. (unnamed desmostylians; Unalaska; earliest Mioc.?)
		*	2007	Domning et al. (HG; Aleutian Islands)
		*	2008	Corbett et al. (HG; Aleutian Islands; kelp diet & stable isotope composition of bone)
x		*	2008	Turner, L.M. (HG; Attu; behavior, hunting; 106-107.)
	D		2009	Jacobs et al. (desmostylians; Olig.-Mioc.)
		*	2014	Crerar et al. (HG; St. Lawrence Is.; DNA, stable isotopes)
	D	*	2015	Chiba et al. (Ounalashkastylus tomidai, n.gen.n.sp.; Olig.-Mioc., Unalaska)

(= Dugong)

		*	1813-14	Fischer v. Waldheim, G.
x			1978c	Domning, D.P. (syn. of Dugong; m578.)

(SEE ALSO: Brain and Nervous System; Circulatory System; Digestive System; Embryology; Endocrinology; Growth Rates; Histology; Myology; Pathology; Respiratory System; Skeleton; Urogenital System; and under species)

x			1820	Diard & Duvaucel (DD; 159-160.)
x			1820	Raffles, T.S. (DD; 175-179, 181-182.)
x		*	1834	Rüppell, E. (DD; Red Sea; external morphology & measurements, 101-103, 113; viscera, 103-106; skeleton, 107-112; pl. 6.)
x			1838	Humboldt, A.v. (TM; Orinoco R.; 3-8, pls. 1-2.)
x		*	1838a	Owen, R. (DD, etc.; skeleton & viscera; 28-45.)
		*	1852	Vrolik, W.T. (TM)
x			1853	Wallace, A.R. (TI; Brazil; general anatomy & measurements; 185-186, 458-460.)
x			1855a	Gervais, P. (TI; intestines, skeleton; 114-115.)
x		*	1857	Rapp, W.v. (TM; Suriname; 87-98, pl. 3.)
x		*	1872a	Murie, J. (TMM; external morphology & measurements, 127-134; internal anatomy, 135-189; pls. 17-26.)
x		*	1876	Chapman, H.C. (TM; 452-462, pl. 26.)
x			1878	Reichenau, W.v. (brief gen. acc.; external morphology; 137-138.)
x			1880	Hartmann, R. (DD; external morphology & measurements; 156-159.)
x		*	1880	Murie, J. (TMM; external morphology & measurements, 27-32, 44; internal anatomy, 32-44; pls. 5-9.)
			1882	Gill (flukes)
x			1883	Moloney, C.A. (TS; measurements; 28.)
x		*	1883	Pelzeln, A.v. (TI; gen. acc.; 91-94.)
x			1885	Ryder, J.A. (development of flukes; 515-519.)
x			1889a	Leboucq, H. (DD; fingernail rudiments; 190-192.)
x			1889	Zipperlen, A. (TML; external & internal morphology; 25-26.)
x			1891	Flower & Lydekker (gen. acc.; 212-214.)
x			1896	Neish, W.D. (TMM; Jamaica; external measurements; 288.)
x			1897b	Kükenthal, W. (manatee spp. diagnosed on external characters; 39-40.)
x		*	1899	Steller, G.W. (HG; external & internal morphology; 182-196.)
x			1906	Annandale, N. (DD; external morphology & measurements; 238-241, pls. 7-9.)
x		*	1906c	Dexler & Freund (DD; external morphology; 567-581.)
x			1908c	Abel, O. (sir. locomotor organs; m403.)
x			1908b	Gudernatsch, J.F. (TM; external morphology; 226-231, pl. 9.)
x			1924-25	Vosseler, J. (TI; measurements, 171-173; ?sexual dimorphism, 173-175.)
x		*	1925	Steller, G.W. (HG; external and internal morphology; 229-236.)
			1927a	Petit, G. (DD; Madagascar; external morphology)
x			1935	Barrett, O.W. (TMM; 218-219.)
x			1937	Woods, F.J. (TS; Nigeria; external measurements & morphology; 24-25.)
			1938	Aoki et al. (DD)
x			1938	Devillers, C. (TI; external morphology & measurements; 84-88.)
x			1944	Pereira, M.N. (TI; gen. acc., 37-45, 83-84; size & color variants, 44-45.)
			1945	Hill, W.C.O. (DD)
x		*	1946	Slijper, E.J. (spinal column, muscles, tendons; 28, 42-43, 46-47, 50-53, 71-78, 111-112, 114, 120; tabs. 1, 3, 5-6.)
x			1951	Fernand, V.S.V. (DD; pituitary & adrenal, 57-62, pls. 1-2; thymus, 57; thyroid, kidney, & brain weights, 60.)
x		*	1951	Kleinschmidt, A. (HG; skeleton and body reconstruction; 292-314.)
x			1951b	Moore, J.C. (TM; measurements; 31-32.)
x		*	1953	Quiring & Harlan (TM; external morphology, 193-195; skeleton, 194-200; viscera, 194, 200-202.)
x		*	1957	Gohar, H.A.F. (DD; Red Sea; external morphology, 6-15, pls. 1-2; peritoneal fat, 11; mouth & tongue, 16-29; external genitalia, 30-35, pls. 2-3; measurements, 41.)
x			1965b	Kaiser, H.E. (body cavity nomenclature; 426-428.)
x		*	1966a	Kaiser, H.E. (body cavity adaptations & hydrostasis; 59, 61-69.)
x			1966b	Kaiser, H.E. (hydrostatic adaptations; 426.)
x			1966	Kinzer, J. (TS; measurements; 48-49.)
x			1968a	Bertram & Bertram (DD; digestive system, 388-389, 393; fat distribution, 393-394.)
x			1973	Kaiser, H.E. (gen. acc.; 1-6.)
			1973	Pinto da Silveira, E.K.
x		*	1975	Spain & Heinsohn (DD; size & weight allometry; body & intestinal tract; 159-168.)
x		*	1976	Allen et al. (DD; measurements, organ weights, etc.; 41-46.)
x		*	1977a	Domning, D.P. (DD; measurements, 2; skin thickness, 3; myology, 3-57.)
x	D		1977	Hasegawa, Y. (artists' reconstructions of desmostylians; pop. acc.; 90-91.)
x			1978	Husson, A.M. (TMM; Suriname; body & skull measurements; 337-338.)
x			1978	Marsh et al. (DD; external & internal morphology; review; 159-166.)
			1979	Kamiya, Uchida, et al.
x			1979	Anderson, P.K. (DD; external morphology; 114-120.)
x			1979	Hartman, D.S. (TM; Florida; measurements of cow & newborn calves; 120-121, 123-124.)
x			1979	Kamiya et al. (DD; organ weights; 129-132, pls. 1-4.)
x			1979	Tas'an et al. (DD; Indonesia; external measurements, change of tail shape with growth, organ weights & measurements; 10-13, 20-22, 24, 29-30.)
x			1980	Dekker, D. (TM; in capt.; perinatal changes in female, 21-22; growth of young, 26.)
x			1980	Haley, D. (HG; reconstruction of body form; 10-11.)
x			1980	Irvine et al. (TM; body lengths & weights; 7-8.)
x		*	1981d	Heinsohn, G.E. (DD; standard methods of taking external measurements, other data, & specimen material; 229-235.)
x			1981	Odell et al. (TM; organ weights & sexual maturity; 52-65.)
			1982	Mellett, J.S.
x		*	1983	Bonde et al. (TM; salvage & necropsy manual; i-v, 1-175.)
x			1984	Nietschmann, B. (DD; Torres Strait; external measurements; 634.)
x			1985	Rowlatt & Marsh (DD, TM; heart & related thoracic structures; 95-106.)
x			1990	Colares et al. (TI; sites for injections & blood sampling; 47.)
x		*	1991	Domning & de Buffrénil (distr. of skeletal mass, lung position & structure, & hydrostasis; 331-368.)
x			1991	Frazier & Mundkur (DD; India; external measurements, integument, number of phalanges, organ weights & measurements; 371-375.)
			1995	Silva & Downing (body masses)
	D		1996	Inuzuka, N. (desmostylians; body size & mass estimates)
	D		1997	Inuzuka, N. (Desmostylus; inferred footprint & trackway)
x		*	1998	Marshall, Clark, & Reep (TML; facial anatomy & behavior; 290-303.)
x		*	1998	Reep et al. (TML; facial anatomy & bristles; 258-272.)
x			1999	Das & Dey (DD; Andaman Is.; external measurements; 198.)
			1999	Richard-Hansen et al. (TMM; French Guiana; external measurements)
	D		2000	Suzuki et al. (Desmostylus; crestal pit of molar cusps)
			2000	Blaszkiewitz, B. (TMM;)
x			2000	Rommel & Reynolds (TML; diaphragm & associated structures; 41-51.)
x			2001	Blaszkiewitz, B. (TMM; measurements of newborn twins; 428.)
		*	2001	Rommel & Lowenstine (TML; gross & microscopic anatomy)
			2002	Levin & Pfeiffer (TML; tongue)
			2003	Marshall et al. (DD, TI, TMM, TS; orofacial morphology & feeding)
			2003	Rommel & Caplan (TML; tail; vascular adaptations for heat conservation)
			2003	Rommel et al.
		*	2007	Chapla et al. (TML; head & ear bones; CT scans)
			2009	Schwarz & Runge (TM; estimation of age; body length; Bayesian analysis)
			2009	Lanyon et al. (DD, TML; visual & molecular sex recognition)
	D		2009	Fujiwara et al. (Paleoparadoxia media; scapular position & strength of rib cage)
	D		2009	Fujiwara, S. (Ashoroa, Desmostylus hesperus, Paleoparadoxia repenningi, P. tabatai; olecranon orientation, elbow joint angle, & forelimb posture)
x		*	2010b	Vergara-P. et al. (TI; Brazil; length of "palmo", unit used by Amazonian hunters to measure manatee body lengths; 37-43.)
			2010	Amaral, Silva, & Rosas (TI; morphometrics & body size estimation)
		*	2010	Sarko et al. (DD, TML, fossil sirs.; body size estimation)
			2011	Adulyanukosol et al. (DD; Thailand; morphology and organ weight)
			2012	Reynolds & Marshall (physical traits, life history, & vulnerability of sirs.)
	D		2012	Fujiwara & Hutchinson (Desmostylus, Paleoparadoxia repenningi; elbow adductor moment arm & forelimb posture)
			2012	Castelblanco-M., Morales-V., & Padilla-S. (TMM; Mexico; craniometrical predictors of body size)
		*	2013	Franzini et al. (TI; Urucú region, Brazil; ethnocategories)
		*	2013	Bills et al. (TML; anal glands; chemosensation)
			2014	Esenowo et al. (TS; Nigeria; measurements)
			2015	Puttick & Thomas (Body mass evolution in Afrotheria)
	D		2016	Pyenson & Vermeij (Sirs. & desmostylians; maximum body size as indicator for productivity; 1-4.)
		*	2016	Harshaw et al. (morphometric body condition indices)
			2020	Cherdsukjai et al. (DD; Thailand; age determination by telomere length, body length & weight)
		*	2021	Valdevino et al. (TI; estimating body length from bone measurements)
		*	2021b	Castelblanco-Martínez et al. (TMM; marine & riverine ecotypes)
			2023	Barreto Ribeiro et al. (TI; abdominal ultrasound)
			2023a	Hautier, L; Gomes Rodrigues; et al. (development of keratinous structures)
			2023b	Hautier, Gomes Rodrigues et al.
			2024	da Silva, V.M. et al. (TI; oral cleft)
			2024	Barboza, M. & Kallaway, K. (TML; gross & microscopic description of dental pads)
			2024	Melo, L.I.D.S., et al. (TMM, tongue, & feeding implications)

		*	1979	Kordos, L.
x			1982	Sereno, P.C. (m8.)

		*	1979	Kordos, L.
x			1980	Kordos, L. (m385; nature of type material, 387.)
x			1982	Domning, Morgan & Ray (comp. w/ other Eoc. sirs.; 5, 35-36, 55.)

		*	1965	Siegfried, P.
x			1982	Kleinschmidt, A. (body proportions, 375; m378-380; bone density, 388-389.)
x			1986	Rothausen, K. (Olig., Germany, 528, 539, 545; comp. w/ ?Halitherium, 529.)
			1988	Krüger, F.J. (Olig., Germany)
		*	2008	Diedrich, C.G. (Olig., Germany)
			2012	Beatty et al. (osteology and tooth development)
			2013a	Diedrich, C.G. (paleobiogeography)

		*	1965	Siegfried, P.
x			1978b	Domning, D.P. (comp. w/ Dusisiren; 14, 73-74.)
x			1987	Domning & Thomas (probably related to Miosiren, not Metaxytherium; 207.)
x			1997c	Domning, D.P. (biostratigraphic utility; m178.)

(Cetacea)

		*	1869	Cope, E.D.
x			1872a	Gill, T. (in classification; 92.)

(Cetacea)

		*	1869	Cope, E.D.
			1890	Cope, E.D.
x			1907	True, F.W. (Cope's referral to Sirenia; 97.)

(Tayassuidae)

x

*

1886

Ameghino, F. (A. cinctus, n.gen.n.sp., described as a tapiroid; 151ff.)

(tribe; = Sirenia)

		*	1827	Billberg, G.J.
			1828	Billberg, G.J.

	D	*	2013	Barnes, L.G. (new genus)
	D		2015	Matsui & Kawabe (Paleoparadoxia sp.; early Mioc., Chikubetsu, Hokkaido, Japan)
	D		2015	Matsui & Kawabe

D

*

2013

Barnes, L.G. (n.comb.)

(nomen nudum; = Eosiren)

		*	1913a	Abel, O.
x			1916a	Matthew, W.D. (m27.)
x			1932a	Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 471, 473, 481, 495, 499.)
x			1941	Kretzoi, M. (in classification; 152-154, pl. 6.)
x			1945	Simpson, G.G. (syn. of Eotheroides; 135.)
x			1951	Reinhart, R.H. (m209.)
x			1978c	Domning, D.P. (syn. of Eotheroides; m575.)
x			1982	Kleinschmidt, A. (syn. of Eotheroides; 378-379.)

(nomen nudum; = Eosiren stromeri)

		*	1913	Abel, O.
x			1938	Zdansky, O. (m429, m432.)
x			1953	Kretzoi, M. (m274.)
x			1992	Gingerich, P.D. (Egypt; stratigraphic horizon; ?syn. of Eosiren libyca; 75-76.)

(nomen nudum; = Halitheriinae)

*

1914

Abel, O.

			1848	Squier & Davis (supposed manatee effigies among stone tobacco pipes; Mississippi Valley)
			1875	Wyman, J.
			1882	Barber, E.A. (supposed manatee effigies among stone tobacco pipes; Mississippi Valley)
		*	1883	Henshaw, H.W. (supposed manatee effigies among stone tobacco pipes; Mississippi Valley)
			1885	Hartt, C.
x		*	1897	Etheridge et al. (DD; Sydney, Australia; ?Pleist. ?kill; 174, 178-180, pls. 8-11.)
x			1905	Etheridge, R., Jr. (DD; New South Wales; 18-19.)
x			1911	Gann, T.W.F. (TM; Belize; 78, 82.)
x			1916	Miller, G.S., Jr. (TM; Santo Domingo; 9.)
			1918	Gann, T.W.F. (TM; Belize)
x			1918	Miller, G.S., Jr. (TM; St. Croix, Virgin Is.; 509.)
			1925	Gann, T.W.F. (TM; Honduras)
			1925	Patte, E.
			1928	Gann, T.W.F. (TM; Belize)
x			1929	Miller, G.S., Jr. (TM; Dominican Republic; 11-12.)
			1935	Loven, S. (TM; West Indies)
			1935	Strong, W.D. (TM; Honduras)
			1937	Lothrop, S.K. (TM; Panama)
x			1942	Gunter, G. (Texas; no records of sirs.; 89.)
x			1957	Pollock & Ray (TM; Mayapan, Mexico; carved rib; 644, 653.)
			1959	Murie, O.J. (HG; no records in Aleutians)
x			1960	Ray, C.E. (TMM; St. Lucia; 412.)
			1962	Proskouriakoff, T. (TM; Yucatan)
			1964	Bullen, R.P. (TM; Grenada)
			1964	Ladd, J. (TM; Panama)
			1964	Rouse, I.
x		*	1967	Feriz, H. (Brazil; clay figurine of manatee; 373-374.)
			1967	Wing, E.S.
x			1968	Wing et al. (TM; Antigua; 129.)
x			1969	Bibby, G. (DD; Abu Dhabi; 303-304, 306.)
			1970	Fox, R.B. (DD; Philippines)
			1970	Waller, B.I. (TM; Florida)
x			1971	Hall, E.S., Jr. (HG; Kangiguksuk, Alaska; 16th Century Eskimo site; 23, 34, 52.)
x			1972b	Domning, D.P. (possibility of finding HG; 188-189.)
x			1972	Gard et al. (HG; no records in Aleutians; 868.)
			1973	Wing, E.S.
			1975	Bulliet, R.W. (DD; South Arabia)
			1975	Wing, E.S. (TM; Mexico)
			1976	Hojo, T. (DD; Okinawa)
x			1976	Loveland, F.O. (TM; Panama; 80.)
x			1976	Roaf, M. (DD; Bahrain; 144, 149-151.)
x			1977	Bertram, G.C.L. (DD; Umm an-Nar, Abu Dhabi; m3.)
	D		1977	Sato & Ijiri (Paleoparadoxia tabatai)
x			1977	Whitmore & Gard (HG; Alaska; 3, 15, 18.)
			1977	Wing, E.S. (TM; Mexico)
x			1978b	Domning, D.P. (HG; lack of records; 134.)
			1978	Eaton, J.D. (TM; Mexico)
			1978	Magnus, R.W. (TM; Nicaragua)
			1978	Willey, G.R.
			1979	Hasegawa & Nokariya (DD)
x			1979	Hoch, E. (DD; United Arab Emirates; Umm an-Nar; 591, 597-601, 604, 606, 634.)
x		*	1980	Cumbaa, S.L. (TML; Florida; 6, 8-9.)
			1980	Linares, O.F. (TM)
			1980	Scott, K.W. (TM; Belize)
			1980	Wing & Scudder
			1980	Wing, E.S. (TM; Panama)
x			1981	Bertram, G.C.L. (DD; Abu Dhabi; m3.)
x			1982	Olsen, S.J. (TM; identification of bones from Mayan sites; 8, 41-42, 54, 56-57, 62, 66, 70, 75, 90.)
x			1982	Wing & Reitz (TMM; Caribbean; 16, 24.)
x			1983	Bradley et al. (TM; hypothetical use by Olmecs; 1-82.)
			1983	Neumayer, E. (DD; India; depicted in rock paintings)
			1984	McKillop, H.I. (TM; Belize)
x		*	1984b	Minnegal, M. (DD; Queensland; butchering; 15-20.)
x			1984	Powell & Rathbun (TM; northwestern Florida; 20.)
x			1984	Watters et al. (TM; Barbuda; 404, 406-407, 409.)
x		*	1985	McKillop, H.I. (TMM; Mayan area, Central America; 340-348.)
			1985	Al-Tikriti, W.Y. (DD; United Arab Emirates)
x			1986	Steininger, F.F. (TM; St. Lucia; 42, 74.)
x			1989	Leatherwood & Reeves (DD; Sri Lanka; 86.)
			1989	Uerpmann, H.P. (DD; Oman)
			1990	Bautista, A.P. (DD; Philippines)
			1990	Bowdler, S. (DD; Shark Bay, Australia)
			1990	Desse & Desse-Berset (DD; Failaka, Kuwait)
			1990	Bowdler, S. (DD; Shark Bay, Australia)
x		*	1991	Bradley, J.J. (DD; Sir Edward Pellew Islands, Australia; modern use of sites; 104-109.)
x		*	1991	Prieur & Guérin (DD; Umm al-Qaiwain, United Arab Emirates; 72-83.)
x			1993	Healy, P. (Honduras; supposed manatee effigies on pottery; 202-203, 213.)
			1993	Van Neer & Gautier (DD; United Arab Emirates)
			1993	Uerpmann, M. (DD; Bahrain)
			1994	Nishinakagawa et al. (dugongid; Japan)
			1994	Uerpmann & Uerpmann (DD; Bahrain)
			1994	Van den Driesch, A. (DD; United Arab Emirates)
x			1995	Hoch, E. (DD; United Arab Emirates; Umm an-Nar; 249-251, 254-255.)
			1995	Wing & Wing (TM; Grenada)
			1995	Stephan, E. (DD; United Arab Emirates)
x			2000	Mayor, A. ("Halitherium"; France; as ?inspiration of folklore & use for Paleolithic tools; 145, 166, 259, 325.)
		*	2002	Penders, T. (TML; Windover site, Florida)
			2002	Jousse & Chenal-Velarde (TS; Mali; Neolithic site)
		*	2002	Jousse et al. (DD; Akab Island, United Arab Emirates)
			2003	McNiven & Feldman (DD; Torres Strait, Australia; dugong bone mounds)
		*	2003	Jousse & Guérin (DD; United Arab Emirates; 337-347.)
			2004	Haworth et al. (DD; Botany Bay, Australia; subfossil)
			2004	Savinetsky et al. (HG; Bering Sea region)
			2006	David et al. (DD; Torres Strait, Australia; dugong bone mounds & rituals)
			2007	Crouch et al. (DD; Torres Strait; dugong bone mounds)
			2008	Corbett et al. (HG; Alaska; kelp diet & stable isotope composition of bone)
		*	2008	McNiven & Bedingfield (DD; Torres Strait; hunting rates)
		*	2009	Méry et al. (DD; Akab, United Arab Emirates; Neolithic ritual site)
			2010	Beech, M. (DD; Arabian Gulf; archaeological evidence for exploitation.)
			2013	McNiven, I. (DD; Torres Strait, Australia; middens)
			2023	Samper Carro, S. C.; Claringbold, I.; & Wright, D. (DD bone mounds; Australia; Woeydhul Island)
		x	2024	Pluckhahn & Thulman (TML, Florida, Conservation)

x			1861	Strauss-Durckheim, H. (?HG; Hudson's Bay; 513-514.)
x			1863a	Brandt, J.F. (HG; Siberia & ?Hudson's Bay; 563.)
x	D	*	1927	Pfizenmayer, E.W. ("Desmostylus" Wollosowitschi, n.sp.; Pleist., New Siberian Islands; 492-496.)
x			1958	Grekov, V.I. (HG; Siberia; 98, 100.)
	D		1970	Strelkov, S.A.
x			1971	Hall, E.S., Jr. (HG; Kangiguksuk, Alaska; 23, 34, 52.)
x			1977	Whitmore & Gard (HG; Kangiguksuk, Alaska; 3, 15, 18.)
x			1978b	Domning, D.P. (HG; possible records; 136-139.)

x		*	1883	Ameghino, F. (Ribodon limbato, n.gen.n.sp.; Mioc.-Plioc., Paran  R.; 112-113.)
x			1885	Ameghino, F. (Ribodon limbatus; 100-105.)
x			1886	Ameghino, F. (Ribodon limbatus; 147-151.)
			1889	Ameghino, F.
			1891	Ameghino, F.
			1893	Ameghino, F.
			1904	Ameghino, F.
			1906	Ameghino, F.
			1907	Branca, W.
x		*	1953	Pascual, R. (Ribodon; Mioc.-Plioc.; 163-167.)
x			1966	Pascual, R. (cf. Felsinotherium; Late Mioc., Paran  R.; 242.)
		*	1976	Reinhart, R.H. (Metaxytherium; Mioc., Paran  R.)
x			1982b	Domning, D.P. (Ribodon limbatus; Mioc.-Plioc., Paran  R.; 602-603.)
x			1982	Sereno, P.C. (Florentinoameghinia; Early Eoc., Patagonia; 1-10.)
		*	2000	Cione et al. (Dioplotherium, Ribodon limbatus; Middle-Late Mioc.)
		*	2012	Veléz-J. et al. (Metaxytherium sp., Dioplotherium sp.; Late Mioc., Entre Ríos)

		*	2009	Bajpai et al. (n.gen.n.sp.; Middle Eoc., Kutch, India)
x			2017	Chatterjee et al. (brief summ. of Eoc. record; m92.)

*

2009

Bajpai et al. (n.gen.; Middle Eoc., Kutch, India)

	D	*	2000b	Inuzuka, N. (n.gen.)
	D		2013	Hayashi et al. (bone histology & aquatic adaptation)
	D		2013	Inuzuka, N. (comp. w/ Desmostylus & Paleoparadoxia; osteology, paleoecological restoration)

D

2000b

Inuzuka, N. (n.gen.n.sp.)

(SEE ALSO: Arctic Region; Bering Sea; China; East Indies; Indian Ocean; India; Japan; Red Sea; Russia; Sakhalin; Sri Lanka; Taiwan)

			1851	Horsfield, T. (DD; Siam; 139.)
			1908	O'Malley, L.S.S. (DD; Bangladesh)
			1925	Patte, E.
x	D	*	1927	Pfizenmayer, E.W. ("Desmostylus" Wollosowitschi, n.sp.; Pleist., New Siberian Islands; 492-496.)
x			1934	Hirasaka, K. (DD; Korea; 4221.)
			1934	Landsberger, B.
x			1958	Grekov, V.I. (HG; northern coast of Siberia; 98, 100.)
			1959	Thesiger, W. (DD; Arabia)
x			1960b	Anon. (Trichechus; Thailand; weed control; m5.)
x			1960c	Anon. (Trichechus; Thailand; weed control; m70.)
			1961	Thiemmedh, J. (DD; Gulf of Thailand)
x			1962	Tranngocloi, N. (DD; Vietnam; 451.)
x			1967	Aung, S.H. (DD; Burma; 221.)
			1968	Thiemmedh, J. (DD; Thailand)
x			1969	Bibby, G. (DD; Abu Dhabi; 224, 303-304, 306.)
x			1970	Yin, T. (DD; Burma; 326-327.)
x	D		1971	Dubrovo & Sinel'nikova (Desmostylus hesperus; Kamchatka; 670-673.)
			1971	McCue, J.
x			1973	Bertram & Bertram (DD; distr. & status; 307-309.)
x			1973	Tekkaya, I. ("Halitherium (Metaxytherium) sp."; Upper Mioc. or Lower Plioc., Bayraktepe, Turkey; m118.)
			1976	Carp, E. (DD; United Arab Emirates)
x			1976	Gallagher, M.D. (DD; Bahrain; 211.)
x			1976	Roaf, M. (DD; Bahrain; archeol. site; 144, 149-151.)
			1977e	Anon. (DD)
x			1977	Bertram, G.C.L. (DD; Abu Dhabi; 3-4.)
x			1977	Harris & Bertram (DD; Abu Dhabi; 5-6.)
x			1977	Savage & Tewari (indeterminate sirs.; Mioc., Iran; 218.)
			1978	Herdson, D.M. (DD; Bahrain)
x			1979	Hoch, E. (DD; United Arab Emirates; archeological site; 591, 597-601, 604, 606, 634.)
x			1981	Jones, S. (DD; Burma, India, Sri Lanka, & neighboring areas; distr. & status; 43-54.)
x			1982	Thomas et al. (indeterminate sirs.; late Early Mioc., Al-Sarrar, Saudi Arabia; 120.)
			1982	Thomas et al. (Mioc., Saudi Arabia)
x			1983a	Anon. (DD; Persian Gulf; deaths from oil spill; 180.)
x			1983	Begley et al. (DD; Persian Gulf; Nowruz oil spill; 79.)
x			1984b	Anon. (DD; Arabian Gulf; deaths from oil spills and fishing; leather used for sandals; 362.)
			1985	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Arabia; pop. acc.)
			1985	Taylor, D.C. (DD; Arabia; pop. acc.)
			1985	Al-Tikriti, W.Y. (DD; United Arab Emirates; archaeological site)
			1986b	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Arabia; pop. acc.)
x			1986c	Anon. (DD; Persian Gulf; not exterminated by oil spill; 25.)
			1987	Preen, A.R. (DD; Persian Gulf)
x			1987	Whitmore, F.C., Jr. (indeterminate sir.; Saudi Arabia; m447.)
			1988	Preen, A.R. (DD; Arabia)
x		*	1989	Preen et al. (DD; Arabian region; conservation; 1-43.)
x		*	1989a	Preen, A. (DD; Arabian region; status & conservation; 1-200.)
			1989	Uerpmann, H.P. (DD; Oman; archeol. site)
			1990	Al-Khalili, A.D. (DD; Bahrain)
			1990	Desse & Desse-Berset (DD; Failaka, Kuwait; archaeological site)
x			1991a	Brown, J.N.B. (DD; United Arab Emirates; status; 20-21.)
x			1991b	Brown, J.N.B. (DD; Abu Dhabi; meat sold; 33.)
			1991a	Kamiya, T. (DD; Persian Gulf; effects of Gulf war)
x			1991	Kingdon, J. (DD; Arabia; pop. acc.; 112-114.)
			1991	Krupp, F. (DD; Persian Gulf)
x			1991	Prieur & Guérin (DD; United Arab Emirates; archeological site; 72-83.)
x			1992	Hellyer, P. (DD; Abu Dhabi; 44.)
			1992	Sheppard et al. (DD; Arabia)
x			1992	Whybrow, P. (?Pleist., Abu Dhabi; 20.)
x			1993	Hellyer, P. (DD; Abu Dhabi; 24.)
			1993	Van Neer & Gautier (DD; United Arab Emirates; archaeological site)
			1993	Uerpmann, M. (DD; Bahrain; archaeological site)
			1994	Adulyanukosal & Chantrapornsyl (DD; Thailand)
			1994	Graham & Round (DD; Thailand; 25, 196, 214, 216, 218.)
			1994	Nateekanjanalarp & Sudara (DD; Thailand; conservation)
			1994	Uerpmann & Uerpmann (DD; Bahrain; archaeological site)
			1994	Van den Driesch, A. (DD; United Arab Emirates; archaeological site)
			1995	Baldwin, R. (DD; Abu Dhabi)
x			1995	Hellyer, P. (DD; United Arab Emirates; 32.)
x			1995	Hoch, E. (DD; United Arab Emirates; archaeological site; 249-251, 254-255.)
x			1995	Smith et al. (DD; Vietnam; 147-148, 161, 163-164, 166, 170.)
			1995	Stephan, E. (DD; United Arab Emirates; archaeological site)
			1996	Baldwin, R. (DD; United Arab Emirates)
x			1996	Supanwanid, C. (DD; Thailand; 315.)
			1997	Smith et al. (DD; Vietnam)
			1997	Adulyanukosal et al. (DD; Andaman coast, Thailand; aerial survey)
			1997	Baldwin & Cockcroft (DD; Arabian Gulf; status)
x			1998	Lucas et al. (Kazakstan; Early Olig.; 320, 325-326, 346.)
			1998	Bryden et al. (DD)
			1998	As-Saruri et al. (Middle Eoc., Yemen)
x			1998	Goodwin et al. (?prorastomid; Middle Eoc., Israel; 813-815.)
x			1998	Preen, A.R. (DD; Arabian Gulf; at least 14 killed in 1991 Gulf War oil spill; m176.)
			1999	Mukai et al. (DD; Thailand; effects of grazing; carrying capacity)
x			1999	As-Saruri et al. (indet. ?sir.; Middle Eoc., Yemen; 448.)
x			1999	Nakaoka & Aioi (DD; Thailand; Halophila growth in feeding trails; 97-103.)
x			1999	Whybrow & Clements (indet. sirs.; Middle Eoc., Yemen, m462; Middle Mioc., Saudi Arabia, m465.)
x			2000	Cappetta et al. (indeterminate sir. ["Halitherium sp."]; Late Eoc., Jordan; 91.)
			2001	Jongbloed, Marijcke (DD; Arabia; children's book)
			2001	Francis, C.M. (DD; Southeast Asia)
			2001	Yamamuro et al. (Halophila ovalis; Thailand)
			2001	Adulyanukosal et al. (DD; Thailand; stomach contents)
			2002	Keijl & Van der Have (DD; Iran)
			2002	Jousse et al. (DD; Akab Island, United Arab Emirates; archaeological site)
			2002	Hines, E. (DD; Thailand; conservation; 155-180.)
			2002	Keijl & Van der Have (DD; Iran)
			2002	Nakaoka et al. (DD; Thailand; impact of foraging on benthic animal communities)
			2002	Senthil-Kumar et al. (DD; Thailand; dioxins/furans & PCBs)
			2003	Kumar et al. (DD; Thailand; dioxins/furans & PCBs)
			2005	Perrin et al. (eds.) (DD; Southeast Asia; conservation)
			2005	Yamamuro & Chirapart (DD; Thailand; Halophila ovalis)
			2005a	Hines et al. (DD; Thailand)
			2005b	Hines et al. (DD; Andaman Coast, Thailand; conservation)
			2007	Ilangakoon & Tun (DD; Myanmar; conservation)
			2007	Harino et al. (DD; Thailand; organotin compounds)
			2007	Adulyanukosol et al. (DD; Thailand; variation in reproductive behavior)
			2008	Hines et al. (DD; Cambodia & Vietnam; conservation)
x			2008	Inan et al. (Metaxytherium medium; Middle Mioc., Turkey; 1-7.)
			2009	Méry et al. (DD; Akab, United Arab Emirates; Neolithic ritual site)
			2011	Hodgson, A.J. (DD; Saudi Arabia)
		*	2012	Preen et al. (DD; Arabia; distribution, status, & conservation)
		*	2012a	Hines, E. (DD; distribution, status, & conservation)
			2012c	Aragones et al. (Thailand; working with communities for dugong conservation)
			2014	Mirzaie Ataabadi et al. (indet. sirs.; Oligo/Mioc., Iran)
			2017	Nganvongpanit et al. (DD; Thailand; identification of tusks by X-ray fluorescence)
			2017	Tanaka et al. (DD; Thailand; vocalisation patterns)
			2017	Al-Abdulrazzak & Pauly (DD; Persian/Arabian Gulf; historical baselines)
			2018	Marshall et al. (DD; Qatar; aggregations)
			2019	Tubbs et al. (DD; Cambodia)
			2020	Infantes et al. (DD; Thailand; reproductive behavior; use of drones)
			2020	Petcharat & Lee (DD; Thailand; nonuse value)
			2020	Satyaningtijas et al. (DD; Indonesia; blood cell counts & parasites)
			2020	Zalmout et al. (Eotheroides; Late Eoc., Jordan)
			2021	Poommouang et al. (DD; Thailand; genetic diversity)
		*	2022	Pyenson et al. (cf. DD; Pleistocene, Qatar)
			2023	Lin et al. (DD; South China Sea; bycatch)
			2023	Yamato et al. (DD; Thailand; conspecific aggression.)
			2024	Lian-Gang Lu, et al. (DD; Thailand; four call types)
			2024	Lu et al. (DD; Thailand, call types.)

x			1699	Witsen ("sea-cows"; Nova Hollandia; m361.)
x			1798	Collins, D. (DD; south of Botany Bay, New South Wales; 1:409.)
			1814	Flinders, M. (DD; Moreton Bay)
x			1827	King, Phillip P. (DD; Shark Bay; m183.)
			1837	SEE Petrie, C.C., 1932.
			1838	Tytler, R.
x			1843	Backhouse, J. (DD; near Brisbane; 368-369.)
			1852	MacGillivray, J. (DD; Moreton Bay, Queensland; fishery)
			1852	Sidney, S.
x			1857	Fairholme, J.K.E. (DD; Moreton Bay, Queensland; 352-353.)
			1860	Bennett, G. (DD; Queensland)
			1862	Wight, G. (DD; Queensland; oil)
			1863	Gould, J.
			1876	Thorne, E. (DD; Queensland; oil)
x			1881	Anon. (DD; Queensland; econ. use; 738-747.)
x			1882	Faithful, P. (DD; Moreton Bay, Queensland; 3-7, 9, 11, 13, 15.)
			1883	Ramsay, E.P.
x			1883	Wallace, A.R. (DD; Queensland; 54.)
x		*	1884	De Vis, C.W. (Chronozoon australe, n.gen.n.sp.; ?Plio-Pleist., Queensland; 392-395, pl. 17.)
x			1886	Miklouho-Maclay, N. de (DD; Mabiak, Torres Strait; m193.)
			1887	Collett, R. (DD; Queensland)
			1888	Senior, W. (DD; Moreton Bay)
			1890	Haddon, A.C. (DD; Torres Strait; scarification with dugong totems)
			1892	Ogilby, J.D.
x			1893	Howes & Harrison (DD; skeleton & teeth; 790.)
			1893	Kent, W.S.
			1893	Stretton, W.G. (Gulf of Carpentaria; making of harpoon rope)
x		*	1897	Etheridge et al. (DD; ?Pleist. skeleton, Sydney, 170-174, 178-180, pls. 8-11; modern distr., 172.)
x			1897	Loyau, G.E. (DD; Queensland; origins of fishery; 365.)
x			1899	Hunt, A.E. (DD; Torres Strait; used as food; m13.)
			1901a	Finsch, O. (DD; Queensland; hunting)
		*	1901-35	Haddon, A.
x			1901	Roth, W.E. (DD; Queensland; hunting; 30.)
			1903	Semon, R.
x			1904a	Lorenz, L.v. (DD captured by Dexler; m1.)
			1905	Dexler, H.
x			1905	Etheridge, R., Jr. (DD; New South Wales; 17-19, pl. 4.)
			1905	Welsby, T. (DD; Moreton Bay, Queensland)
x			1906	Annandale, N. (DD; netting; 242.)
x			1906b	Dexler & Freund (DD; 49-50.)
			1907	Le Souëf, W.H.D. (DD)
x			1909	Anon. (DD; econ. use & hunting; 93.)
			1909	Lucas & Le Souëf (DD)
			1910	Anon.
x			1912	Harris, W.K. (DD; hunting, econ. & medicinal uses; 226-228.)
			1917	Marius (DD; pop. acc.)
x			1919	Jay, D. (DD; harpooning; 40-41.)
x			1923	Jackson, E.S. (DD; medicinal use of oil by Dr. Wm. Hobbs; m282.)
			1924	Adams, M.P.G.
x			1925	Lee, I. (DD; early accounts; 19-21, 482, 520, 523.)
			1925	Tindale, N.B.
x			1926	Dahl, K. (DD; Roebuck Bay, Western Australia; m266.)
			1926	Le Soueff & Burrell
			1932	Haddon, A.C. (DD; Torres Strait; hunting & rituals)
			1932	Petrie, C.C.
			1934	Hale & Tindale (DD; Princess Charlotte Bay, Queensland)
x		*	1934	Thomson, D.F. (DD; Cape York Peninsula; Aboriginal hunting lore; 237-263, pls. 29-31.)
x			1936	Moore, W.R. (DD; econ. use; m746.)
x			1936	Sunter, G.H. (DD; Northern Territory; harpooning; 47-48.)
x			1937	Promus, J. (DD; Queensland; commercial netting; 40-41.)
x			1937	Sunter, G.H. (DD; Northern Territory; harpooning; dugong killing crocodile; 53-61.)
x			1938	Wood, T. (DD; Buccaneer Archipelago; m46, m53.)
			1939	Patterson, E.K. (DD; hunting)
x			1941	Johnston & Mawson (DD; nematode Dujardinia; 432.)
			1945	Church, A.E. (DD; hunting)
			1946	Harney, W.E. (DD; Sir Edward Pellew Islands, Northern Territory; hunting)
x			1949	Jervis, J. (DD; Moreton Bay, Queensland; oil industry; 340.)
x			1949	Loveless, J.R. (DD; Queensland; netted for oil; 8.)
			1950?	MacInnes, I.G.
x		*	1955	MacMillan, L. (DD; distr. & habits; 17-19.)
			1956	Thomson, D.F. (DD; Princess Charlotte Bay, Queensland)
			1959b	Anon. (DD; New South Wales)
			1959	Cilento & Lack
			1961	Roughley, T.C.
x			1962	Marlow, B.J. (DD; New South Wales; 433.)
			1964	Johns, H. (DD; pop. acc.)
x		*	1964	Johnson, D.H. (DD; specimens from Arnhem Land, Northern Territory; 506-508.)
x			1966a	Bertram & Bertram (DD; status; 938-939.)
x			1966b	Bertram & Bertram (DD; 213-217.)
x			1966c	Bertram & Bertram (DD; 221-222.)
x			1966	Little, E.C.S. (DD; proposed use in weed control; 86.)
			1966	Troughton, E.
x			1967	Kenny, R. (DD; respiration; 372-373.)
x			1967	Oke, V.R. (DD; northern Queensland; in capt.; 220-221.)
x		*	1967	Welsby, T. (DD; Moreton Bay, Queensland; 1: 102-110, 2: 233-257.)
			1968	Bannister, J.L.
x			1968	Keith, K. (DD; Gulf of Carpentaria; 20.)
x		*	1968	Lack, C. (DD; Queensland; history of oil industry; 4-6.)
x			1969	Anon. (DD; hunting banned; 90.)
x			1969	Caldwell et al. (DD; 437.)
			1970	Butler, W.H. (DD; Barrow Is., Western Australia)
			1970	Whitley, G.P.
x			1971	Bertram & Bertram (DD; Queensland; medicinal use of oil; 146-147.)
			1971	Roughsey, D.
x			1972	Heinsohn & Birch (DD; food; 414-422.)
x		*	1972	Heinsohn, G.E. (DD; natural history; 205-212.)
x			1972	Kenchington, R.A. (DD; drowned in shark nets; m884.)
x			1972	Lawrie, M.E. (DD; Torres Strait; folktales; 3-6, 22-28.)
x			1972	Walker, K. (DD; Stradbroke Is., Queensland; netting & eating; 71, 73-74.)
x		*	1973	Bertram & Bertram (DD; distr. & status, 310-315; econ. use, 322-324; hunting & capture, 325-328; conservation, 331-332; captures at Numbulwar Mission, Northern Territory, 333-335.)
x			1973	Cantley, R. (DD; status & conservation; 34-35, 52.)
x			1973	Mitchell, J. (DD; age determination; 2.)
x			1973	Spain & Heinsohn (DD; cyclone & feeding changes; 678-680.)
			1974	Baudin, N. (DD; Western Australia)
x			1974	Bertram, G.C.L. (DD; conservation; 15-16, 19.)
x			1974	Heinsohn & Spain (DD; Queensland; effects of cyclone; 143-152.)
x			1974	Spain & Heinsohn (DD; skull allometry; 249.)
			1975	Colliver & Woolston (DD; Stradbroke Is., Queensland)
x			1975	Kirkman, H. (DD; Tin Can Bay, Queensland; m131.)
x			1975	Martin, J.H.D. (DD; Moreton Bay & Stradbroke Is., Queensland; 74.)
x			1975	Spain & Heinsohn (DD; size & weight allometry; 159.)
x			1976b	Anon. (DD; pop. acc.; 62-63.)
			1976e	Anon. (DD)
x			1976	Heinsohn & Wake (Fraser Is., Queensland, as dugong habitat; 15-18.)
x			1976	Heinsohn, Marsh & Spain (DD; netting technique; 117-121.)
x			1976	Heinsohn, Spain & Anderson (DD; Queensland; aerial surveys; 21-23.)
x			1976	Ligon, S.H. (DD; Queensland; aerial survey; 580-582.)
x			1976	Spain et al. (DD; Queensland; skull variation; 491.)
x			1977	Blair, D. (DD; parasitic flukes; 64.)
x			1977	Heinsohn & Marsh (DD; pop. acc.; 106-111.)
x			1977	Heinsohn et al. (DD; role in seagrass system; 235-248.)
x			1977b	Heinsohn, G.E. (DD; pop. acc.; 1-5.)
x			1977	Marsh et al. (DD; digestive system & parasites; 271-295.)
x			1977	Murray et al. (DD; Queensland; hindgut & digestion; 7-8.)
x			1977	Nietschmann, B. (DD; Torres Strait; feeding, tides; 10-12, 14.)
x		*	1978	Anderson & Birtles (DD; Queensland; behavior & ecology; 1-23.)
x		*	1978	Anderson & Heinsohn (DD; distr. survey; 13-26.)
			1978	Burbridge & George (DD; Dirk Hartog Is., Western Australia)
x			1978	Heinsohn et al. (DD; Brisbane; 91-92.)
x			1978a	Heinsohn, G.E. (DD; conservation; pop. acc.; 29-30.)
x			1978	Marshall, A.J. (DD; Arnhem Land, Northern Territory; Aboriginal story; 80-84.)
x			1978	Stanbury, P.J. (DD; accounts by Dampier & Portlock; 18.)
x			1979	Blair, D. (DD; trematode Labicola elongata; 519-520, 525.)
x			1979	Caton, A. (DD; research & conservation; pop. acc.; 1-4.)
			1979a	Cropp, B. (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia; pop. acc.)
			1979	Glazebrook, R. (DD; in capt.)
			1979	Heinsohn et al. (DD)
			1979	Ling, J.K. (DD)
			1979	Moore, D.R. (DD; Cape York; hunting)
			1979	Paterson, R. (DD; mortality from shark nets)
x			1979	Pedley, I. (DD; Tin Can Bay, Queensland; oil industry; 231.)
			1979c	Cropp, B. (DD; hunting by Bardi Aborigines)
x			1980	Blair, D. (DD; trematode Indosolenorchis hirudinaceus; 511-525.)
			1980	Caton, A. (DD; pop. acc.)
x			1980	Denton et al. (DD; metal content of tissues; 201-219.)
x			1980	Marsh, H. (DD; age determination; 181-201.)
x			1981b	Anderson, P.K. (DD; behavior; 91-111.)
x			1981	Bertram, G.C.L. (importance of Australia as past & present center of dugong abundance and its responsibility in dugong conservation; 1-7.)
x			1981a	Blair, D. (DD; parasitic flukes; 2.)
x			1981b	Blair, D. (DD; parasites; gen. acc.; S21-S22.)
x			1981	Campbell & Ladds (DD; Queensland; diseases; 176-181.)
x			1981	Chase, A. (DD; Aboriginal use & beliefs; 112-122.)
x			1981	Denton & Breck (DD; Queensland; mercury in tissues; 117, 119-120.)
x			1981a	Denton, G.R.W. (DD; Queensland; heavy metal content of tissues; 169-174.)
x			1981	Elliott et al. (DD; in capt.; salmonellosis; 203.)
x			1981	Elliott, M.A. (DD; Northern Territory; distr. & status; 57-66.)
x			1981a	Heinsohn, G.E. (DD; Queensland; distr. & status; 55-56.)
x			1981	Marsh & Glover (DD; male reproductive tracts; 262, 266.)
x			1981	Marsh & Heinsohn (DD; Queensland; workshop on aerial survey techniques; 345-353.)
x			1981	Marsh et al. (DD; Wellesley Islands, Queensland; hunting & conservation; 255-267.)
x		*	1981a	Marsh, H. (proceedings of dugong seminar/workshop; 1-400.)
x			1981d	Marsh, H. (DD; Queensland; female reproductive tracts; 248.)
x			1981	Mitchell, J. (DD; Queensland; age determination; 99-109.)
x			1981	Nietschmann & Nietschmann (DD; Torres Strait; hunting; 54-63.)
x			1981	Prince et al. (DD; Western Australia; distr. & status; 67-87.)
x			1981	Purse, B. (DD; Queensland; hunting; review of film; 199-200.)
x			1981a	Spain & Marsh (DD; Queensland; skull variation; 143-161.)
x			1981	Sprent, J.F.A. (DD; Queensland; nematode Paradujardinia; 310.)
x			1982a	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia; population size & habitat use; 69-84.)
x			1982b	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia; behavior; 85-99.)
x			1982	Barnett & Johns (DD; Queensland; hunting, conservation, underwater observations; 515-524.)
x			1982	Marsh & Heinsohn (DD; conservation; 1-5.)
x			1982	Marsh et al. (DD; Queensland; stomach contents; 55-67.)
			1983	Hudson, B.E.T. (DD; Torres Strait)
			1983	Marsh & Heinsohn (DD)
			1983	Powell, J.A., Jr. (DD; pop. acc.)
x			1983	Preen & Heinsohn (DD; 4 photos; 20-21.)
x			1984a	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia; suckling; 510.)
			1984b	Anderson, P.K.
x			1984c	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Queensland; behavior & ecology; 37-42.)
			1984	Cropp, B. (DD; pop. acc.)
x			1984c	Marsh, H. (DD; Northern Territory; rescue of animals stranded by cyclone; 106-107.)
x			1984	Marsh, Heinsohn & Channells (DD; female reproductive tract; 744.)
x			1984	Marsh, Heinsohn & Glover (DD; male reproductive tract; 722.)
x			1984	Marsh, Heinsohn & Marsh (DD; breeding & population dynamics; 767-788.)
			1984a	Minnegal, M. (DD; Princess Charlotte Bay, Queensland)
x			1984b	Minnegal, M. (DD; Princess Charlotte Bay, Queensland; evidence of butchering at archeological site; 15-20.)
x			1984	Nietschmann, B. (DD; Torres Strait; hunting & ecology; 625-651.)
x			1984	Robinson, N.H. (DD; New South Wales; 157.)
			1984	Taylor, J.M. (DD)
x			1985	Anderson & Prince (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia; attacks by killer whales; 554-556.)
			1985a	Anon. (DD)
x			1985	Baldwin, C.L. (DD; northeastern Queensland; conservation & management; 1-20.)
x			1985	Kenchington, R.A. (DD; Great Barrier Reef, Queensland; conservation; 89-90.)
			1985	Thomson, D.F. (DD)
x			1986a	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia; temperature, nutrition, & seasonal movements; 473-490.)
x			1986c	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia; pop. acc.; 162-167.)
x			1986	Baldwin, C.L. (DD; Queensland; conservation; 206-212.)
x			1986	Bayliss, P. (DD; Northern Territory; aerial survey; 27-37.)
x			1986	Blair, D. (DD; parasites; gen. acc.; 46.)
			1986	Heinsohn, G.E. (DD)
			1986	Hudson & Marsh (DD; Torres Strait; aerial surveys)
			1986	Hudson, B.E.T.
			1986	Marsh, Freeland et al. (DD; Northern Territory; stranding by cyclone)
x			1986a	Marsh, H. (DD; Torres Strait; status; 53-76.)
x			1986	Prince, R.I.T. (DD; northern Western Australia; 1-38.)
x			1986	Tisdell, C.A. (DD; conservation; 102-103.)
			1987	Beckett, J. (DD; Torres Strait; hunting)
			1987	Bertram, G.C.L. (DD)
x			1987	Finger, J. (DD; Queensland; history of oil industry; 3-5.)
			1987	Marsh, H. (DD)
			1988	Anderson, G.R.V. (DD)
			1988a	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia)
			1988a	Anon. (DD)
			1988	Bradley, J.J. (DD; Sir Edward Pellew Islands, Northern Territory)
			1988	Davis, S. (DD; northern Arnhem Land, Northern Territory)
x			1988	Doig & Dyson (DD; Queensland; satellite tracking; pop. acc.; 438-439.)
			1988	Gray & Zann (DD; northern Australia; traditional knowledge)
x			1988a	Marsh, H. (DD; ecology & conservation; 9-21.)
x			1988b	Marsh, H. (DD; status of research; 128-130.)
x			1988c	Marsh, H. (DD; gen. acc.; 8-10.)
			1988d	Marsh, H. (DD)
x			1988e	Marsh, H. (DD; conservation; 495-502.)
			1988	Myroniuk, P. (DD; Hinchinbrook Is., Queensland)
			1988	Prince, R.I.T. (DD; Western Australia)
x			1988	Reddacliff, G. (DD; Sydney; killed by cookie-cutter sharks; 133-134.)
			1988	Smith, A.J. (DD; Queensland)
x			1988	Tucker & Puddicombe (DD; conservation; 82-83.)
x			1989	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia; foraging on macroinvertebrates; 4-6.)
x			1989	Bayliss & Freeland (DD; western Gulf of Carpentaria; distr. & abundance; 141-149.)
			1989	Marsh & Saalfeld (DD)
x			1989a	Marsh & Sinclair (DD; aerial surveys; visibility bias correction; 1018-1022.)
x			1989a	Marsh, H. (DD; Northern Territory; stranding by cyclone; 78-84.)
x			1989b	Preen, A. (DD; Moreton Bay, Queensland; mating behavior; 382-387.)
		*	1989	Smith, A.J. (DD; eastern Cape York Peninsula; exploitation by Aborigines)
x			1990	Eiser, P. (DD; m28; gen. acc., 73.)
x			1990	Marsh & Rathbun (DD; Queensland; radio & satellite tracking; 83-100.)
x			1990	Marsh & Saalfeld (DD; Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, Queensland; distr. & abundance; 511-524.)
			1990	Parer-Cook & Parer (DD)
x			1990	Paterson, R.A. (DD; Queensland; mortality from shark nets; 155-156.)
x			1990	Smith & Marsh (DD; northern Great Barrier Reef, Queensland; management of traditional hunting; 47-55.)
			1990	Bowdler, S. (DD; Shark Bay; archaeological sites)
x			1991	Bradley, J.J. (DD; Sir Edward Pellew Islands, Northern Territory; traditional hunting; 91-110.)
x			1991	Fitzpatrick, J. (DD; Torres Strait; sharing of meat; m19-20.)
			1991	Fox, R. (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia; pop. acc.)
			1991	Johannes & MacFarlane (DD; Torres Strait)
x			1991	Johnson, R.L. (DD; Great Barrier Reef, Queensland; pop. acc.; 36-46.)
x			1991	Marsh & Saalfeld (DD; Torres Strait; status; 187-194.)
x		*	1992	Pledge, N. (?Dugong; Early Plioc., South Australia; 6.)
x			1993	Brown, J. (DD; Hervey Bay, Queensland; seagrass dieoff; pop. acc.; 11.)
x			1993	Harling, R. (DD; Shark Bay; lekking; pop. acc.; 10-11.)
			1993	Lee Long et al. (DD; Queensland; feeding trails)
x			1993	Marsh et al. (DD; conservation; 232-234.)
			1993	Steele & Kuhl (DD; Moreton Bay; warm-water refugia)
x			1994	Anderson, I. (DD; Oyster Point, Queensland; resort construction threat to habitat; 7.)
x			1994	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia; distr. & food in winter; 381-388.)
			1994	Cook, C. (DD; traditional hunting rights)
x			1994	Kemper et al. (DD; heavy metals, organochlorines; 129-135, 137.)
x			1994	Marsh & Lefebvre (DD; distr., status, conservation; 161-165.)
x			1994	Marsh et al. (DD; Shark Bay; distr. & abundance; 149-161.)
x			1994	Ponte et al. (DD; Queensland; traditional hunting rights; 260-261.)
x			1994	Ross, A. (DD; traditional hunting rights; 22-26.)
x			1995	Anderson & Barclay (DD; Shark Bay, Western Australia; acoustic signals; 1226-1237.)
x			1995b	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay; scarring & photoidentification; 205-211.)
x			1995	Heinsohn, G.E. (DD; gen. acc.; 666-670.)
x			1995	Preen & Marsh (DD; Hervey Bay, Queensland; response to seagrass die-off; 507-519.)
x			1995a	Preen, A.R. (DD; Moreton Bay, Queensland; feeding on invertebrates; 163-171.)
			1996	Slater & Stokes (DD; Shoalwater Bay, Queensland; management plan)
			1996	Lee Long et al. (DD; northeastern Australia; feeding at depths of at least 23 m)
x			1996	Anderson, I. (DD; Queensland; voluntary hunting moratorium by Aborigines; 5.)
x			1996	Krogh & Reid (DD; New South Wales; mortality from shark nets; 221-223.)
		*	1996	Marsh et al. (southern Great Barrier Reef Marine Park; status; 1-80.)
x			1996	Tikel et al. (DD; Borroloola & Torres Strait; mtDNA sequences; 456-457.)
			1996	Roberts et al. (DD; North Queensland; monitoring Aboriginal hunting)
			1996	Marsh, H. (DD; Queensland; sustainable use)
x			1997	Anderson, P.K. (DD; Shark Bay; lekking; 433-462.)
			1997	Corkeron et al.
x			1997	Edmonds et al. (DD; Western Australia; elemental composition of tusk; 203-214.)
x			1997	Marsh et al. (DD; Great Barrier Reef; ecology, status, values, human impacts, management; 124-138.)
x			1997	Marsh, H. (DD; population biology & conservation; gen. acc.; 50-57.)
x			1997	Marsh, Harris & Lawler (DD; Torres Strait; sustainability of fishery; 1375-1386.)
x			1997	Peterken & Conacher (DD; Moreton Bay; effects of grazing on Zostera capricorni; 333-340.)
x			1997	Preen et al. (DD; Shark Bay, Ningaloo Reef, Exmouth Gulf; 185-208.)
			1997	Whiting, S.D. (DD; Fog Bay, Northern Territory)
x			1997	Whiting, S.D. (DD; Fog Bay, Northern Territory; 16-26.)
			1998	Bryden et al. (DD)
			1998	Anderson, P.K.
			1998	Dinesen, Z. (DD; Great Barrier Reef Marine Park)
			1998	Gribble et al. (DD; Queensland; effect of shark control)
x			1998	Preen, A.R. (DD; Indian Ocean coast; conservation; 173-181.)
			1998	Haynes et al. (DD; Great Barrier Reef; protection areas)
			1999	Marsh et al. (DD; conservation strategy)
			1999	Tager, J. (DD)
x			1999	Ambrose, P. (DD; Great Barrier Reef Marine Park; new sanctuary area; m235-236.)
			1999	Haynes et al. (DD; Great Barrier Reef)
			1999	Oliver & Berkelmans (DD; Great Barrier Reef & Hervey Bay; research strategy)
x			1999	Whiting, S.D. (DD; Sahul Banks; 609-615.)
			1999	Hope Vale Aboriginal Community (DD; Hope Vale; hunting management plan)
			1999	Oliver & Berkelmans (DD; Great Barrier Reef & Hervey Bay; research strategy)
x			2000	Aragones & Marsh (DD; Great Barrier Reef; simulated grazing & seagrass recovery; 277-288.)
			2000	Lee Long et al.
			2000	Morgan et al. (DD; Queensland; Cryptosporidium parvum)
			2001	McLachlan et al. (DD; Great Barrier Reef; PCDDs)
			2001	Schulman, M. (DD; Great Barrier Reef; conservation)
			2001	Simpfendorfer et al. (DD; Western Australia; remains found in tiger shark stomachs)
			2001a	Anon. (DD; sanctuaries; 336-337.)
x			2001	Masini et al. (DD; Shark Bay; grazing on Halodule; 179-197.)
x			2001	Taylor, G. (DD; Shark Bay; shark attack; 34-41.)
			2001	Vetter et al. (DD; northeastern Australia; organohalogens)
			2001	Preen, A.R. (DD; Queensland; boat-traffic management)
			2001	Marsh & Lawler (DD; southern Great Barrier Reef & Hervey Bay)
			2001	Marsh et al. (DD; Queensland; mortality in shark nets)
			2002	Lawler et al. (DD; Great Barrier Reef; state of knowledge)
			2002	Tisdell, C.A. (DD; conservation)
			2002a	Whiting, S.D. (DD; Darwin Harbour, Northern Territory; dive times)
			2002b	Whiting, S.D. (DD; Darwin region, Northern Territory)
			2002	Lanyon et al. (DD; Moreton Bay; mark-recapture program)
			2002	Heithaus, Dill, Marshall, et al. (DD; tiger sharks)
			2002	Schaffelke et al. (DD; Great Barrier Reef; water quality)
			2002	Carruthers et al. (DD; NE Australia; seagrass habitats)
			2002	Marsh & Lawler (DD; northern Great Barrier Reef)
			2003	McNiven & Feldman (DD; Torres Strait; hunting magic)
			2003	Lanyon, J.M. (DD; Moreton Bay; aerial surveys, 1995; 397-409.)
			2003	Rouja et al. (DD; NW Australia; indigenous hunting & use of fat)
			2004	Allen et al. (DD; New South Wales)
			2004	Haworth et al. (DD; Botany Bay; subfossil)
			2004	Marsh et al. (DD; Torres Strait; fishery unsustainable)
			2004	Heinsohn, R., et al. (DD; Torres Strait & Cape York; population viability analyses)
			2004	Gales et al. (DD; Western Australia; migration)
			2005	Andre et al. (DD; Torres Strait; diet comp. w/ green turtles)
			2005	Kwan, D. (DD; Torres Strait; management of traditional fishery)
			2005	Lanyon, Smith & Carrick (DD; Moreton Bay; reproductive steroids in feces)
			2005	Lanyon, Johns & Sneath (DD; Queensland; effects of temperature)
			2005	Fitzgerald, E.M.G. (DD; Victoria; subfossil)
			2005	Chilvers et al. (DD; Moreton Bay, Queensland)
			2005	Fernandes et al. (DD; Great Barrier Reef)
			2005	Havemann et al. (DD; Great Barrier Reef; traditional hunting agreements)
			2005	Mellors et al. (DD; Great Barrier Reef; seagrass meadows; biogeochemical parameters)
			2006	David et al. (DD; Torres Strait; dugong bone mounds & rituals)
			2006	Kwan et al. (DD; hunting)
x		*	2006	Pledge, N.S. ("Dugonginae incertae sedis"; Early Plioc., South Australia; 295-305.)
			2006	Maitland et al. (DD; Burrum Heads, Queensland; risk of boat strike)
			2006	Holley et al. (DD; Shark Bay)
			2007	Grech & Marsh (DD; conservation; population model)
			2007	Hodgson et al. (DD; use of acoustic alarms to prevent accidental netting)
			2008	Wirsing et al. (DD; Shark Bay; foraging tactics & shark avoidance)
		*	2008	Daley et al. (DD; Queensland; history of commercial fishery)
			2008	Hermanussen et al. (DD; Queensland; PBDEs)
			2008	Marsh, H. (DD; Great Barrier Reef)
			2008	Marsh & Kwan (DD; Torres Strait; female reproductive biology & seagrass dieback)
			2008	Sheppard et al. (DD; Torres Strait; seagrass nutrients)
			2008	Takahashi et al. (DD; Moreton Bay; okadaic acid)
			2008	Dobbs et al. (DD; protected area, Great Barrier Reef)
			2008	Marsh, H,; Grech, A,; Hodgson, A. et al. (DD, conservation)
			2008	Whiting, S.D. (DD; Northern Territory)
			2008	McNiven & Bedingfield (DD; Torres Strait; archaeological sites; hunting rates)
			2009	Sheppard et al. (DD; habitat use)
			2010	McCook et al. (Great Barrier Reef; adaptive management)
			2010	Lanyon et al. (DD; Queensland; molecular characterization of populations; skin sampling)
			2010	Sheppard et al. (DD; Hervey Bay, Queensland; habitat use & food choice)
			2011	Gaul et al. (DD; Queensland; organobromine compounds)
			2012	Owen et al. (DD; Queensland; postmortem findings)
		*	2012	Dobbs et al. (DD; distribution, status, & conservation)
			2012	Butler et al. (DD; Torres Strait; traditional ecological knowledge and fisheries management; role with turtles as keystone species)
			2013	Meager, Limpus, & Sumpton. (DD; southern Queensland, population dynamics, 1830-2012.)
		*	2013	Fitzgerald et al. (Sirenia indet.; Mioc.)
			2013	Nielsen et al. (DD; Queensland; bacteria)
			2013	Hodgson et al. (DD; use of drones in aerial surveys)
			2013	Schumann, N,; et al. (DD; impacts of climate change)
			2013	McNiven, I. (DD; Torres Strait; middens)
			2013	Parsons et al. (DD; Shark Bay; vocalizations)
			2013	Fuentes et al. (DD; Torres Strait; capture for tagging by harpoon and dermal holdfast)
			2014	Blair et al. (DD; Pleist. sea level & phylogeography)
			2014	Hagihara et al. (DD; aerial surveys; correction factors for surfacing times)
			2014	Meager & Limpus (DD; eastern Australia; mortality; freshwater & air temperature)
			2016	Tol, Coles, & Congdon (DD; conservation planning)
			2017	Delisle et al. (DD; Torres Strait; socio-cultural benefits and costs of traditional hunting.)
			2017	Woolridge, S. (DD; Great Barrier Reef; mortality of seagrass & dugongs caused by fine sediment)
			2017	Sobtzick S, Cleguer C, Hagihara R et al (DD; Moreton Bay, Hervey Bay, & southern Great Barrier Reef; distribution & abundance.)
			2018	Wong et al. (DD; southern Queensland, Australia; polyclonal anti-dugong immunoglobulin G antibody)
			2018	Zeh, Heupel, et al. (Eastern Australia; DD; behavioral thermoregulation)
			2018	Hagihara et al. (DD; detection probability)
			2019	Wong et al. (DD; Queensland; Toxoplasma gondii & Neospora caninum)
			2021	Nowicki et al. (DD; Shark Bay; tiger sharks; effects of apex predator removal and extreme climatic events)
			2021	Lanyon et al. (DD; body scarring by tusks)
			2023	Samper Carro, S. C.; Claringbold, I.; & Wright, D. (DD; Archaeological sites; Woeydhul Island.)