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Schreber, Johann Christian Daniel von
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1774-75 |
Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen.... Zweyter Theil.
Erlangen, W. Walther'sche Kunst- und Buchhandlung: 191-280. Pls. 63-80.
–The entire work comprises 7 vols. + 3 vols. of pls., 1774-1846 (see also Schreber & Wagner, 1846). Dugong and manatee, 267-277 [1775]; manatee, pl. 80 [1774] (illustration after Buffon).
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Erxleben, Johann Christian Polycarp
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1777 |
Systema regni animalis per classes, ordines, genera, species, varietates cvm synonymia et historia animalivm. Classis I Mammalia.
Lipsiae [= Leipzig], Impensis Weygandianis: xlviii + 636.
–Allen 341. Recognizes Trichechus manatus (including all manatees plus Hydrodamalis), 596-599; T. Dugung, 599; and "The Sea Ape", 600. Gives extensive lists of pre-Linnaean and vernacular names for these forms.
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Pander, Christian Heinrich; D'Alton, Eduard
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1826 |
Die skelete der Robben und Lamantine, abgebildet und verglichen. Abt. 1, Heft [Lief.?] 9 in: Pander & D'Alton, Vergleichende Osteologie, 1821-31.
Bonn, Eduard Weber: 1-10. 7 pls.
–Allen 682. Skeleton of Halicore indica, 8-10, pl. 5.
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Hemprich, F. G.; Ehrenberg, Christian Gottfried
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1828-99 |
Symbolae physicae seu icones et descriptiones corporum naturalium novorum aut minus cognitorum quae ex itineribus per Libyam Aegyptum Nubiam Dongalam Syriam Arabiam et Habessiniam publico institutis sumptu Friderici Guilelmi Hemprich et Christiani Godofredi Ehrenberg ... studio annis MDCCCXX-MDCCCXXV redierunt.... Pars zoologica I[-II].... Mammalia II.
Berlin, Officina Academica (4 vols.).
–Text publ. 1828-45. The plates, with legends and brief explanatory text by Paul Matschie, were issued as a supplement (Symbolae physicae seu icones adhuc ineditae corporum ..., Berlin, Georg Reimer: 1-12, 32 pls., Oct. 1899). Some signatures separately dated. Halicora [sic] Hemprichii and H. Lottum, n.spp., sign. k (Sept. 1832). Pls. 3-5 of the 1899 supplement depict the skull of a female "Halicora Hemprichii".
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Stein, Christian Gottfried Daniel
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1829 |
Handbuch der Naturgeschichte für die gebildeten Stände, Gymnasien und Schulen, besonders in Hinsicht auf Geographie.... Dritte verbesserte und vermehrte Auflage.
Leipzig, T. C. Hinrichsche Buchhandlung (2 vols.): Vol. 1: viii + 382; Vol. 2: xxxii + 274, 15 pls.
–Allen 737. Sirs., 1: 82-83.
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Keferstein, Christian
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1834 |
Die Naturgeschichte des Erdkörpers in ihren ersten Grundzügen dargestellt.
Leipzig, Friedrich Fleischer (2 vols.): Vol. 2: iv + 896.
–Records Manatus fossilis "aus dem Grobkalk von Angers, Doué &c., tertiairem Mergel von Leutmeritz in Böhmen, aus Maryland in Nord-Amerika" (2: 217). It is possible that "Phoca magna" from the Miocene of France (2: 224-225) also represents a sir. (i.e., Metaxytherium medium).
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Lütken, Christian Frederik
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1873 |
Bidrag til Kundskab om Arterne af Slaegten Cyamus Latr. eller Hvallusene.
Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (5)10(3): 229-284. 4 pls.
–In Danish; French summ. Regards "Cyamus Rhytinae" as a synonym of C. ovalis, and considers the St. Petersburg "Rhytina" skin fragment to be that of a Balaena. Suggests that the crustaceans described by Steller as parasitic on Hydrodamalis were not cyamids, but rather caprellids like Leptomera or Proto (270-274, pl. 2).
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Lütken, Christian Frederik
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1893 |
Andet Tillaeg til "Bidrag til Kundskab om Arterene af Slaegten Cyamus Latr. eller Hvallusene".
Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. (6)7(9): 421-434. 1 pl.
–In Danish; French summ. Suggests that modern sir. parasites could throw light on the affinities of "Sirenocyamus Rhytinae" (433).
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Proskouriakoff, Tatiana
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1962 |
The artifacts of Mayapan. In: H. E. D. Pollack, R. L. Roys, T. Proskouriakoff, & A. L. Smith (eds.), Mayapan, Yucatan, Mexico.
Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. 619: 321-515.
–Worked manatee rib, 376.
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Evans, William E.; Bastian, Jarvis
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1969 |
Marine mammal communication: social and ecological factors. In: H. T. Andersen (ed.), The biology of marine mammals.
New York & London, Academic Press (475 pp.): 425-475. 18 figs.
–Sirs., 443-444, 465-466.
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Muizon, Christian de
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1984 |
Les vertébrés fossiles de la Formation Pisco (Pérou). Deuxième partie: Les odontocètes (Cetacea, Mammalia) du Pliocène inférieur de Sud-Sacaco.
Inst. Franç. d'Études Andines, Mém. No. 50: 1-183. 98 figs. 17 pls.
–Notes the presence of Metaxytherium calvertense in Peru as evidence of a northwest Atlantic-southeast Pacific axis of faunal distribution, and discusses other evidence supporting Domning's postulated ecological barrier between the northeast and southeast Pacific (171).
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Muizon, Christian de; De Vries, T. J.
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1985 |
Geology and paleontology of late Cenozoic marine deposits in the Sacaco area (Peru).
Geol. Rundschau 74(3): 547-563. 1 tab. 4 figs. 2 pls. Dec. 1985.
–Mentions sirs. from the Sacaco and Montera Formations, and faunal similarities to eastern North America (560).
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Muizon, Christian de; Domning, Daryl Paul
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1985 |
The first records of fossil sirenians in the southeastern Pacific Ocean.
Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. (Paris) (4)7, Sect. C, no. 3: 189-213. 2 tabs. 14 figs.
–French & Spanish summs. Reports skulls of Metaxytherium calvertense from the Early to Middle Miocene Montera Formation (190-206), and a rib of an undescribed dugongid from the Early Pliocene Pisco Formation (206-209), Peru. Compares these specimens with other sirs., and discusses (209-211) their biogeographic and phylogenetic implications. Also reports the recent entry of T. manatus into the Pacific via the Panama Canal, based on a personal communication from G. G. Montgomery (209).
The rib was reidentified as that of an aquatic sloth (Thalassocnus sp.) by Amson et al. (2015).
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Silas, E. G.; Fernando, A. Bastian
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1988 |
The dugong in India - is it going the way of the dodo?
Proc. Symp. Endangered Marine Animals & Marine Parks (Cochin, India, Jan. 12-16, 1985) 1: 167-176. 1 fig. Oct. 1988.
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Muizon, Christian de; Guérin, Claude
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1996 |
Les mammifères marins. Chap. 8 in: C. Guérin & M. Patou-Mathis (eds.), Les grands mammifères Plio-Pléistocènes d'Europe.
Paris, Masson (Collection Préhistoire): 231-242.
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Pimentel, Tatiana Lucena
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2001 |
Order Sirenia (manatee, dugongs, sea cows). Medicine. In: M. E. Fowler & Z. S. Cubas (eds.), Biology, medicine, and surgery of South American wild animals.
Ames, Iowa State Univ. Press (x + 536): 356-362. 2 tabs.
–Forms part of Chap. 31 together with Rosas, F.C.W., 2001.
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Hysing-Dahl, Christian
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2010 |
Sjøkyr - forunderlige dyr.
Naturen No. 4: 205-213. 14 figs.
–Discusses sirs. and other marine mammals in relation to mermaid legends.
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Vergara-Parente, Jociery Einhardt; Parente, Cristiano Leite; Marmontel, Miriam; Ramos Silva, Jean Carlos; Bezerra Sá, Fabrício
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2010b |
Standard of measurement among local inhabitants in the middle Solimões, occidental Amazonia, and its use in morphometrics of Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis Natterer, 1883).
Uakari 6(2): 37-43. Dec. 2010.
–Portuguese summ. Measurements of the hand span (tip of thumb to tip of little finger) of 22 Amazonian manatee hunters yielded a mean value of 21.71 cm for the "palmo", the usual unit of measurement they employ for curved-line body lengths of captured manatees. This value differs from some conversion values used in the literature. In the English text of this paper, "palmo" is consistently mistranslated as "inch" rather than "span".
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Lange, Christian E.; Favrot, Claude; Ackermann, Mathias; Gull, Jessica; Vetsch, Elisabeth; Tobler, Kurt
(detail)
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2011 |
Novel snake papillomavirus does not cluster with other non-mammalian papillomaviruses.
Virology Journal 8: 436. 1 tab. 2 figs. DOI: 10.1186/1743-422X-8-436. Sept. 12, 2011.
–ABSTRACT: Papillomaviruses (PVs) are associated with the development of neoplasias and have been found in several different species, most of them in humans and other mammals. We identified, cloned and sequenced PV DNA from pigmented papilloma-like lesions of a diamond python (Morelia spilota spilota). This represents the first complete PV genome discovered in a Squamata host (MsPV1). It consists of 7048 nt and contains the characteristic open reading (ORF) frames E6, E7, E1, E2, L1 and L2. The L1 ORF sequence showed the highest percentage of sequence identities to human PV5 (57.9%) and Caribbean manatee (Trichechus manatus) PV1 (55.4%), thus, establishing a new clade. According to phylogenetic analysis, the MsPV1 genome clusters with PVs of mammalian rather than sauropsid hosts.
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Satizabal, Paula; Mignucci-Giannoni, Antonio A.; Duchene, Sebastian; Caicedo-Herrera, Dalila; Perea-Sicchar, Carlos M.; Garcia-Davila, Carmen R.; Trujillo, Fernando; Caballero, Susana J.
(detail)
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2012 |
Phylogeography and sex-biased dispersal across riverine manatee populations (Trichechus inunguis and Trichechus manatus) in South America.
PLoS ONE 7(12): 10 pp. 4 tabs. 4 figs. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052468. Dec. 20, 2012.
–ABSTRACT: Phylogeographic patterns and sex-biased dispersal were studied in riverine populations of West Indian (Trichechus manatus) and Amazonian manatees (T. inunguis) in South America, using 410bp D-loop (Control Region, Mitochondrial DNA) sequences and 15 nuclear microsatellite loci. This multi-locus approach was key to disentangle complex patterns of gene flow among populations. D-loop analyses revealed population structuring among all Colombian rivers for T. manatus, while microsatellite data suggested no structure. Two main populations of T. inunguis separating the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon were supported by analysis of the D-loop and microsatellite data. Overall, we provide molecular evidence for differences in dispersal patterns between sexes, demonstrating male-biased gene flow dispersal in riverine manatees. These results are in contrast with previously reported levels of population structure shown by microsatellite data in marine manatee populations, revealing low habitat restrictions to gene flow in riverine habitats, and more significant dispersal limitations for males in marine environments.
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Lambert, Olivier; Muizon, Christian de
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2013 |
A new long-snouted species of the Miocene pontoporiid dolphin Brachydelphis and a review of the Mio-Pliocene marine mammal levels in the Sacaco Basin, Peru.
Jour. Vert. Paleo. 33(3): 709-721. 1 tab. 10 figs. + supplemental online data. May 2013.
–Notes the presence of "cf. Nanosiren sp." at the ELJ (El Jahuay) vertebrate fossil level (Late Miocene; dated as between 8.85 and 9.38 million years ago) (719, fig. 10). This record is based on Domning & Aguilera (2008: 496).
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Amson, Eli; de Muizon, Christian; Laurin, Michel; Argot, Christine; de Buffrénil, Vivian
(detail)
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2014 |
Gradual adaptation of bone structure to aquatic lifestyle in extinct sloths from Peru.
Proceedings of the Royal Society B 281(1782). DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.0192. March 12, 2014.
–ABSTRACT: Non-pathological densification (osteosclerosis) and swelling (pachyostosis) of bones are the main modifications affecting the skeleton of land vertebrates (tetrapods) that returned to water. However, a precise temporal calibration of the acquisition of such adaptations is still wanting. Here, we assess the timing of such acquisition using the aquatic sloth Thalassocnus, from the Neogene of the Pisco Formation, Peru. This genus is represented by five species occurring in successive vertebrate-bearing horizons of distinct ages. It yields the most detailed data about the gradual acquisition of aquatic adaptations among tetrapods, in displaying increasing osteosclerosis and pachyostosis through time. Such modifications, reflecting a shift in the habitat from terrestrial to aquatic, occurred over a short geological time span (ca 4 Myr). Otherwise, the bones of terrestrial pilosans (sloths and anteaters) are much more compact than the mean mammalian condition, which suggests that the osteosclerosis of Thalassocnus may represent an exaptation.
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Amson, Eli; Argot, Christine; McDonald, H. Gregory; de Muizon, Christian
(detail)
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2015 |
Osteology and Functional Morphology of the Forelimb of the Marine Sloth Thalassocnus (Mammalia, Tardigrada).
Journal of Mammalian Evolution 22 (2):169-242. 30 tables. 47 tables. DOI: 10.1007/s10914-014-9268-3. June 2015.
–Abstract: Thalassocnus is a genus of "ground sloths" known from Neogene deposits, for the great majority of specimens, of the Pisco Formation (Peru). Five species are recognized, their description being currently restricted, for the most part, to the skull, mandible, and dentition. The bones of the forelimb are here described, and compared among the species of Thalassocnus and to other pilosans. The main characteristics of the forelimb of Thalassocnus relative to other sloths are the shortness of the humerus and radius, and the specialized digits. Moreover, the late species of the genus are characterized by the development of the pronator ridge of the radius, stoutness of the ulna, widening of the proximal carpal row, and shortening of the metacarpals. Analogies with extant tetrapods are proposed in order to infer plausible aquatic functions of the forelimb of Thalassocnus. In addition to paddling, it is argued that the forelimb of Thalassocnus was involved in bottom-walking, a function similarly found in extant sirenians. However, the function of the forelimb of Thalassocnus differs drastically from that of the latter, since it was likely involved in an activity related to obtaining food such as uprooting seagrass rhizomes.
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Amson, Eli; Muizon, Christian de; Domning, Daryl Paul; Argot, Christine; Buffrénil, Vivian de
(detail)
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2015 |
Bone histology as a clue for resolving the puzzle of a dugong rib in the Pisco Formation, Peru.
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35(3): e922981 (4 pp.) 2 figs. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2014.922981 May 2015 (publ. online Apr. 22, 2015).
–A supposedly dugongine rib described by Muizon & Domning (1985) and Domning & Aguilera (2008a) is reidentified as an aquatic sloth (Thalassocnus sp.).
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Attademo, Fernanda Loffler Niemeyer; Balensiefer, Deisi Cristiane; da Bôaviagem Freire, Augusto Carlos; de Sousa, Glaucia Pereira; da Cunha, Fábio Adonis Gouveia Carneiro; Lunaa, Fábia de Oliveira
(detail)
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2015 |
Debris ingestion by the Antillean Manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus).
Marine Pollution Bulletin 1 figure. DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.09.040. Published online October 1, 2015.
–ABSTRACT: The Antillean manatee inhabits coastal regions of North and Northeastern Brazil and currently is considered an endangered species in the country. Aiming to gather information for the development of public policies focusing on the conservation of manatees, the National Center for Research and Conservation of Aquatic Mammals of the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity has been rescuing, rehabilitating and releasing these mammals since the 1980s. Over the last 36 years, 40 manatees were released by the CMA/ICMBio and four of them were rescued again due to debris ingestion. Two of these manatees died and the other two were taken back into captivity for a new rehabilitation process. The four mammals had confirmed diagnosis of plastic debris ingestion. These findings demonstrate that the environment where the manatees live after being released had a significant amount of garbage which may hinder the success of the species conservation in Brazil.
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Gol'din, Pavel; Kovalchuk, Oleksandr M.; Krakhmalnaya, Tatiana
(detail)
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2019 |
The first record of Sirenia (Mammalia) from the early Oligocene of the Paratethys.
Historical Biology 31(10): 1373-1378. 10.1080/08912963.2018.1454444 Publ. online Mar. 23, 2018.
–ABSTRACT: Sirenians have been extensively recorded from the Mediterranean and west European localities but there are only few finds to the east of it, from the area covered by the Paratethys. For the early Oligocene, to our knowledge, there are no published records of sirenians from inner seas of the Old World. Here we report a specimen of Dugongidae indet., consisting of two partial vertebrae and 12 fragments of ribs, collected in a manganese ore mine in Ukraine and dated as the earliest Oligocene (33–32 Ma). The specimens, as preserved, did not differ in morphology and size from 'Halitherium schinzii' and therefore can belong to Kaupitherium, at present the single early Oligocene genus recorded from Europe. However, its vertebral and rib anatomy is not specific for Kaupitherium, so we identify it only by family level. The marks of scavenging on a rib possibly are due to gastropod or bivalve mollusks. The sea, as suggested from biotic data, had a temperate or subtropical climate, relatively cold waters and high diversity of pelagic and deep-water habitats. Thus, the onset of the Oligocene was a period when sirenians could enter temperate inner Eurasian waters, a marginal area in their worldwide dispersal.
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Bonilla Sanchez, Sebastián, et al.
(detail)
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2024 |
Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) occurrence and grazing spots in three protected areas of Costa Rica.
Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 9 pp.
–ABSTRACT--The Antillean manatee is a poorly studied marine mammal in Costa Rica. Its distribution covers the entire Caribbean coast, but sighting reports are scarce. This research was conducted in three protected areas (PA) where the species is primarily observed. The objectives were to determine the density patterns of sightings and grazing spots; to explore the relationship between grazing spots and sightings with geographic and temporal variables, for PA separately; to study the frequency of sightings and grazing spots according to season, month, and period of the day, for PA together; and to determine the pertinence of using a marine ecology application MarEco to register manatee sightings by the public. Data on manatee sightings and grazing spots gathered with the MarEco app, under a citizen science mechanism, were complemented with data obtained by the Tortuguero Conservation Area Administration (TCAA) through other means. The number of sighting records registered through MarEco during nine months was alike to the number of records reported to the TCAA over six years in two of the PA studied. The areas with the highest density of grazing spots and sightings matched with studies conducted 10 to 20 years ago. In two of the PA, sightings were most often associated with the rainy season, while fresh grazing spots were specially counted from 6:00 h to 8:59 h. The results suggest that manatees exhibit high site fidelity in the three PA, that their increased presence during the rainy season is likely due to increased availability of food, and that they perform feeding activity predominantly at night.
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Bibliography and Index of the Sirenia and Desmostylia 