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Packard, Jane M.; Mulholland, R.
(detail)
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1983 |
Analysis of manatee aerial surveys: a compilation and preliminary analysis of winter aerial surveys conducted in Florida between 1977 and 1982.
Manatee Population Research Rept. (Gainesville, Fla., Florida Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit) No. 2: iii + 119. 7 tabs. 3 figs. + numerous tabs. & figs. in appendices.
–See also Appendix 1. Presents and synthesizes data from several unpublished reports by other authors, and makes recommendations for future data collection and analysis.
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Packard, Jane M.; Nichols, James D.
(detail)
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1983 |
Sample size estimates: a preliminary analysis of sample sizes required for mark-recovery and mark-resighting studies of manatees (Trichechus manatus) in Florida.
Manatee Population Research Rept. (Gainesville, Fla., Florida Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit) No. 4: 1-14. 4 tabs. 3 figs.
–See also Appendix 1. Concludes that estimation of annual survival rate by tag recovery from carcasses can yield only unacceptably imprecise results, but that mark-resighting methods may be successful, depending on rate of emigration and probability of sighting. Studies based on scar patterns would involve slightly different assumptions than those examined here.
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Packard, Jane M.; Summers, Robert C.; Barnes, Lindsay B.
(detail)
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1983 |
Correction factors for observability of manatees during aerial surveys.
Manatee Population Research Rept. (Gainesville, Fla., Florida Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit) No. 3: 1-10. 1 tab. 1 fig.
–Summ.: Packard, Summers & Barnes (1985). See also Appendix 1. Uses actual counts of manatees identified in Blue Spring, together with 7 radiotagged manatees and 3 tagged with vinyl flags, to obtain correction factors for aerial surveys of the St. Johns River, Florida. Only 33-57% of manatees known to be in the area were sighted from the air. Factors influencing variation in counts are discussed, including habitat type, survey conditions, and observer bias. Correction factors obtained for each survey gave estimates closer to total counts than factors based on the mean ratio-of-radios-sighted over all surveys.
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Packard, Jane M.
(detail)
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1983a |
Proposed research/management plan for Crystal River manatees. Volume I. Summary.
Florida Coop. Fish & Wildlife Res. Unit, Tech. Rept. No. 7, Vol. 1: 1-31. 23 figs.
–Part of a 3-volume document (Packard, 1983a, b, c) produced under Packard's leadership and editorship at the request of the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service and the U.S. Marine Mammal Commission. This portion was coauthored by Catherine Puckett and was the only portion designed for wide public dissemination. It is a summary of Vol. 2, which presents the research and management plan in detail. Vol. 3 comprises a series of background papers. The plan was endorsed by the Fish & Wildlife Service, which subsequently published Implementation Schedules for the plan in June 1985 (10 pp.) and Sept. 1986 (10 pp.).
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Packard, Jane M.
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1983b |
Proposed research/management plan for Crystal River manatees. Volume II. Technical plan.
Florida Coop. Fish & Wildlife Res. Unit, Tech. Rept. No. 7, Vol. 2: xiv + 6 + 79 + 4 + 118 + 15 + 4 + 8 + 3. 30 tabs. 65 figs. Dec. 1983.
–Summ.: Packard (1983a).
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Packard, Jane M. (Ed.)
(detail)
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1983c |
Proposed research/management plan for Crystal River manatees. Volume III. Compendium.
Florida Coop. Fish & Wildlife Res. Unit, Tech. Rept. No. 7, Vol. 3: iii + 346. Illus. Dec. 1983.
–This compendium, edited by Packard, consists of 14 background papers, some prepared especially for the Crystal River plan and others previously or subsequently published elsewhere. They are organized into three sections, and are listed separately in this bibliography under their authors: Section I, Biological Information (Powell & Rathbun, 1984; Kochman et al., 1983; Powell, 1981; O'Shea et al., 1984; O'Shea, 1983); Section II, Legal Information (Gluckman & Hamann, 1983; Hamann, 1983a, b, c; Gluckman, 1983a, b, c, d); and Section III, Socioeconomic Information (Puckett, 1983).
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Packard, Jane M.; Frohlich, Richard Kipp; Reynolds, John E., III; Wilcox, J. Ross
(detail)
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1984 |
Factors influencing indices of manatee abundance in the Fort Myers region, winter 1983/84.
Manatee Population Research Rept. (Gainesville, Fla., Florida Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit) No. 5: 1-63. 12 tabs. 12 figs.
–See also Appendix 1. Analyzes the effects of manatee density, visibility, temperature, tide, and survey techniques on aerial survey results. Concludes that the aerial survey data are not sufficient to estimate actual abundance and should instead be treated as indices of trends. Separate surveys should be designed to maximize precision and accuracy of data obtained. The "block/recount" survey technique is introduced to estimate the error associated with indices obtained from individual surveys, and calibration of observers is recommended.
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Packard, Jane M.; Rathbun, Galen B.; Domning, Daryl Paul; Best, Robin Christopher; Anderson, Paul K.; O'Shea, Thomas J.
(detail)
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1984 |
Sea cows and manatees. In: D. W. Macdonald (ed.), The encyclopedia of mammals.
New York, Facts on File Publs.: 292-303. 15 figs.
–Repr. in: K. Banister & A. Campbell (eds.), The Encyclopedia of Aquatic Life. New York, Facts on File Publs.: 340-349. 12 figs. Dec. 16, 1985.
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Packard, Jane M.
(detail)
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1984a |
Impact of manatees Trichechus manatus on seagrass communities in eastern Florida.
Acta Zool. Fennica 172: 21-22. 2 tabs.
–Documents the amount of seagrass biomass removed by manatee rooting and grazing; notes that manatee herbivory may maintain species diversity in seagrass beds.
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Packard, Jane M.
(detail)
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1984b |
Review of manatee marking techniques.
Manatee Population Research Rept. (Gainesville, Fla., Florida Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit) No. 6: 1-29. 7 tabs.
–See also Appendix 1. Describes characteristics, potential information gain, and feasibility of techniques used or potentially useful for marking free-ranging or restrained manatees, and makes recommendations for further development and application of these techniques.
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Packard, Jane M.; Frohlich, Richard Kipp; Reynolds, John E., III; Wilcox, J. Ross
(detail)
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1985 |
Manatee response to interrupted operation of the Fort Myers power plant, winter 1984/85.
Manatee Population Research Rept. (Gainesville, Fla., Florida Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit) No. 8: 1-20. 1 tab. 5 figs.
–See also Appendix 1. Compares manatee abundance, distribution, and local movement patterns in winter 1984 with those in winter 1985, when the plant was temporarily shut down. Most manatees sought out the warmest water available at a given time, but the interruption in the warm-water supply apparently did not last long enough for them to suffer evident harm. Also discusses the effects of visibility and other factors on consistency of aerial counts of manatees, and some results of radiotagging 16 animals.
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Packard, Jane M.; Summers, Robert C.; Barnes, Lindsay B.
(detail)
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1985 |
Variation of visibility bias during aerial surveys of manatees.
Jour. Wildl. Manage. 49(2): 347-351. 1 tab.
–A revised and abridged version of Packard, Summers & Barnes (1983), omitting discussion of the use of vinyl flags.
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Packard, Jane M.
(detail)
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1985a |
Development of manatee aerial survey techniques.
Manatee Population Research Rept. (Gainesville, Fla., Florida Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit) No. 7: vi + 68. 2 tabs. 9 figs. 6 maps.
–See also Appendix 1. A detailed discussion of and practical guide to the design and execution of manatee aerial surveys for different purposes, emphasizing conditions in Florida. Includes small-scale survey maps of 6 survey sites in Florida, sample data forms, and checklists of survey and data-analysis procedures.
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Packard, Jane M.
(detail)
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1985b |
Preliminary assessment of uncertainty involved in modeling manatee populations.
Manatee Population Research Rept. (Gainesville, Fla., Florida Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit) No. 9: 1-19. 4 tabs. 3 figs.
–See also Appendix 1. Presents a provisional population model for T. manatus, which indicates that its maximum potential rate of population increase is likely to be as low as 2-7% and that the present Florida population may be declining. The rate of change seems to be most sensitive to changes in adult survival rate.
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Packard, Jane M.; Wetterqvist, Orjan F.
(detail)
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1986 |
Evaluation of manatee habitat systems on the northwestern Florida coast.
Coastal Zone Management Jour. 14(4): 279-310. 3 tabs. 7 figs.
–Uses overlapping maps showing important features of habitat use by manatees (distribution, activities, food, summer and winter range) and humans (boat and barge traffic, boat ramps, marinas, urban areas) to identify areas of manatee-human conflict and to rank these in order of importance. Recommends ways to continually improve this approach to land-use planning, which resulted in the research/management plan for Crystal River manatees (see Packard, 1983a, b, c).
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Packard, Jane M.; Siniff, Donald B.; Cornell, John A.
(detail)
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1986 |
Use of replicate counts to improve indices of trends in manatee abundance.
Wildl. Soc. Bull. 14: 265-275. 3 tabs. 1 fig.
–Uses replicate counts from winter aerial surveys at Fort Myers, Florida, to calculate 3 indices of abundance. Concludes that the sight-resight index is more suitable for detecting year-to-year trends in abundance than the density and total-count indices, but that more development of the approach may be needed.
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Lazcano-Barrero, Marco A.; Packard, Jane M.
(detail)
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1989 |
The occurrence of manatees (Trichechus manatus) in Tamaulipas, Mexico.
Mar. Mamm. Sci. 5(2): 202-205. 1 fig. Apr. 1989.
–Reports manatee sightings and the collection of 5 ribs from a carcass found in the Rio Soto La Marina, constituting the westernmost record of the species and the first definitive record from the state of Tamaulipas.
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Packard, Jane M.; Frohlich, Richard Kipp; Reynolds, John E., III; Wilcox, J. Ross
(detail)
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1989 |
Manatee response to interruption of a thermal effluent.
Jour. Wildl. Manage. 53(3): 692-700. 2 tabs. 4 figs.
–Aerial survey data on manatees near a Ft. Myers (Florida) power plant showed that they did not leave the area when the plant was shut down for 3 weeks in Jan. 1985; instead they gathered in an area of deep waters that cooled more slowly than surrounding waters. Applicable survey techniques are discussed, together with the management implications of power-plant shutdowns and the installation of warm-water wells at the plant for the manatees' benefit following the 1985 shutdown.
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Bibliography and Index of the Sirenia and Desmostylia 