Bibliography and Index of the Sirenia and Desmostylia  

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"Kanwisher, John W."

Kanwisher, John W.: SEE Best et al., 1982; Gallivan et al. (detail)
 
 
 Best, Robin Christopher; Gallivan, G. James; Kanwisher, John W. (detail)
   
1982
Ecophysiology of the Amazonian manatee Trichechus inunguis [Abstr.].
Braz. Jour. Med. Biol. Res. 15(2-3): 193.
x
 
 Gallivan, G. James; Best, Robin Christopher; Kanwisher, John W. (detail)
   
1983
Temperature regulation in the Amazonian manatee Trichechus inunguis.
Physiol. Zool. 56(2): 255-262. 4 figs. Apr. 1983.
–Summ.: New Scientist, Dec. 1, 1983: 654, 1 fig. Core temperatures of two animals were measured (with swallowed transmitters) at 35-36 C and varied with water temperature within the thermoneutral zone; below that zone (i.e., below 22-23 C) they were maintained, primarily by increase in activity. Their primary mechanism for thermoregulation seemed to be changes in peripheral circulation, aided by subcutaneous fat insulation. Speculates that cold-related mortality and limits to distribution in T. manatus may be due less to physiology than to nutritional status and food availability.
x
 
 Gallivan, G. James; Kanwisher, John W.; Best, Robin Christopher (detail)
   
1986
Heart rates and gas exchange in the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis) in relation to diving.
Jour. Compar. Physiol. B: Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol. 156(3): 415-423. 3 tabs. 5 figs.
–Electrocardiograms and respiratory gas measurements of unrestrained captive animals showed a constant heart rate (here defined as the "normal" rate) during dives, slight respiratory tachycardia, and marked (probably fright-induced) bradycardia when the manatees were forced to prolong their dives. Because their metabolism is low, it can remain aerobic during most dives, and changes in alveolar gas composition are slower than in other marine mammals. Metabolic acidosis is apparently compensated for by metabolic rather than respiratory alkalosis.
Daryl P. Domning, Research Associate, Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, and Laboratory of Evolutionary Biology, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059.
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