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Patton, Geoffrey W.; Gerstein, Edmund R.
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1992 |
Toward understanding mammalian hearing tractability: preliminary underwater acoustical perception thresholds in the West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus. In: D. B. Webster, R. R. Fay, & A. N. Popper (eds.), The evolutionary biology of hearing. (Proceedings of a conference at Sarasota, Fla., May 20-24, 1990.)
New York & Berlin, Springer-Verlag (li + 859): 783.
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Gerstein, Edmund R.
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1994 |
The manatee mind: discrimination training for sensory perception testing of West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus).
Marine Mammals: Public Display and Research 1(1): 10-21. 3 figs. Spring 1994.
–Preliminary description of hearing experiments on Florida manatees at the Lowry Park Zoo, Tampa, and the South FLorida Museum, Bradenton, with observations on visual and tactile perception, aggressive and sexual behavior, training techniques, rates of learning, memory, and "gamesmanship" in interactions with trainers. Concludes that manatees can understand discrimination tasks and demonstrate complex associated learning and long-term memory, on a par with dolphins and pinnipeds.
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Gerstein, Edmund R.; Gerstein, Laura; Forsythe, Steven E.; Blue, Joseph E.
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1999 |
The underwater audiogram of the West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus).
Jour. Acoustical Soc. Amer. 105(6): 3575-3587. 2 tabs. 7 figs. June 1999.
–Behavioral experiments on two captive adult Florida manatees produced a U-shaped audiogram with auditory thresholds at 0.4 and 46 kHz and maximum sensitivity between 6 and 20 kHz. Detection thresholds of possible vibrotactile origin were measured at 0.015-0.2 kHz. Sensitivity falls 20 dB per octave below 0.8 kHz and approximately 40 dB per octave above 26 kHz. The audiogram demonstrates a wider range of hearing and greater sensitivity than was suggested by evoked-potential and anatomical studies. Inadequate sensitivity at low frequencies may contribute to manatees' inability to avoid collisions with motorboats. Use of high-frequency directional acoustic beacons on boats is suggested as a remedy.
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Gerstein, Edmund R.
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2002 |
Manatees, bioacoustics and boats.
Amer. Scientist 90(2): 154-163. ?? figs. + photo on contents page. Mar.-Apr. 2002.
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Ramos, Eric Angel; Maust-Mol, Maria; Collom, Kristi A.; Brady, Beth; Gerstein, Edmund R.; Magnasco, Marcelo O.; Reiss, Diana
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2020 |
The Antillean manatee produces broadband vocalizations with ultrasonic frequencies.
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 147(2): EL80-EL86. 1 tab. 3 figs. doi.org/10.1121/10.0000602 Feb. 5, 2020.
–ABSTRACT: Antillean manatees produce vocalizations reported to be important for communication, but their vocal behavior throughout their geographic range is poorly understood. A SoundTrap recorder (sample rates: 288/576?kHz) was deployed in Belize to record vocalizations of wild manatees in a seagrass channel and of a young rehabilitated and released manatee in a shallow lagoon. Spectral analysis revealed broadband vocalizations with frequencies up to 150?kHz and a high proportion of calls with ultrasonic components. Ultrasonic frequency components appear prevalent in their vocal repertoire and may be important to manatee communication.
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