Bibliography Record

x
D
 Simpson, George Gaylord (detail)
   
1932a
Fossil Sirenia of Florida and the evolution of the Sirenia.
Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 59(8): 419-503. 2 tabs. 23 figs. Sept. 6, 1932.
–A comprehensive and judicious review of the order that formed a major and much-cited milestone in sirenian paleontology. Reviews previous knowledge of American fossil sirs., gives a synoptic classification with diagnoses of suprageneric taxa (without noting that two new subfamilies, Dugonginae and Hydrodamalinae, are being established), and describes new taxa from Florida: Hesperosiren crataegensis, n.gen.n.sp. (Miocene), Felsinotherium ossivallense, n.sp., and F. floridanum, n.comb. (both considered Pliocene but now known to be Miocene). The name Halitherium alleni, n.sp., is also given to previously published specimens from South Carolina. Pleistocene occurrences of Trichechus in Florida are discussed, the remaining fossil sirs. of the world are reviewed, and the osteology of the three Recent genera is detailed in an attempt to decipher their origins. Finally, the history of study of sir. affinities is summarized, along with the fossil and Recent distribution of the better-known genera.

Related Index Records (74)

Archaeosiren Abel, 1913
(nomen nudum; = Eosiren)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 471, 473, 481, 495, 499.)
Cheirotherium subapenninum Bruno, 1839
(= Metaxytherium subapenninum)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m479, 481.)
Crassitherium Van Beneden, 1871
(= Halitherium, in part; ?Reptilia, in part)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m481.)
Cymatotherium Kaup, 1841
(Proboscidea)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. ("Cyotherium"; m481.)
Desmostylus Marsh, 1888
  x D 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m422, 425, 488, 495.)
Dioplotherium manigaulti Cope, 1883
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (referred to Metaxytherium; 421, 445.)
Dugong Lacépède, 1799
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 423-424, 431-432, 435-436, 442, 453-455, 458-460, 462-463, 468, 482-490, 492, 495-499.)
Dugonginae (Gray, 1821) Simpson, 1932
(subfamily)
  x * 1932a Simpson, G.G. (new rank; in classification; 424.)
Dugungus Tiedemann, 1808
(= Dugong)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m423.)
Eosiren Andrews, 1902
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 423, 471-473, 480-481, 491, 495, 499.)
Eosiren libyca Andrews, 1902
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 473.)
Eotherium Owen, 1875 (non Leidy, 1853)
(= Eotheroides)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (syn. of Eotheroides; m423, 471.)
Eotherium aegyptiacum Owen, 1875
(= Eotheroides aegyptiacum)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m473.)
Eotheroides Palmer, 1899
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 423, 462-463, 471-473, 480, 484, 491-492, 495, 499.)
Eotheroides aegyptiacum (Owen, 1875) Trouessart, 1905
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 473-474.)
Felsinotherium floridanum (Hay, 1922) Simpson, 1932
(= Metaxytherium floridanum)
  x * 1932a Simpson, G.G. (n.comb.; 447-451, 453.)
Felsinotherium forestii Capellini, 1872
(= Metaxytherium subapenninum)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 433, 451, 453-454, 456, 458-459, 464, 475, 478-479, 495, 499.)
Felsinotherium gastaldi de Zigno, 1878
(= Metaxytherium subapenninum)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m479.)
Felsinotherium gunteri Simpson, 1932
(nomen nudum; lapsus for Felsinotherium ossivallense)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (nomen nudum; lapsus for F. ossivallense; m449.)
Felsinotherium ossivallense Simpson, 1932
(= Metaxytherium floridanum)
  x * 1932a Simpson, G.G. (n.sp.; "Plioc." [actually Mioc.], Florida; 446-456.)
Felsinotherium serresii (Gervais, 1849) de Zigno, 1878
(= Metaxytherium serresii)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 431-432, 435, 440, 443, 451, 453-454, 458-459, 463, 468-469, 475, 478-480.)
Felsinotherium subapenninum (Bruno, 1839) de Zigno, 1878
(= Metaxytherium subapenninum)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 451, 453, 479.)
Florida
  x * 1932a Simpson, G.G. (review of fossil sirs.; Hesperosiren crataegensis, n.gen.n.sp., Mioc.; Felsinotherium ossivallense, n.sp., "Plioc." [actually Mioc.]; 425-427, 445-448, 470.)
Fucotherium Kaup, 1840
(= Metaxytherium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. ("Furcotherium"; m481.)
Halianassa studeri von Meyer, 1838
(= Halitherium schinzii, in part; Metaxytherium krahuletzi and M. medium, in part; Protosiren minima, in part)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 444-445, 475-478.)
Halibutherium Gloger, 1842
(nomen nudum; = Halitherium?)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m481.)
Halicore cuvierii de Christol, 1832
(= Metaxytherium medium, in part; Metaxytherium serresii, in part; Protosiren minima, in part)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m475.)
Halitherium alleni Simpson, 1932
  x * 1932a Simpson, G.G. (n.sp.; 445.)
Halitherium antillense Matthew, 1916
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m422, 496.)
Halitherium antiquum (Leidy, 1856) Allen, 1926
(nomen dubium; = "Manatus antiquus")
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m421, 444.)
Halitherium bellunense de Zigno, 1875
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 474, 476-478.)
Halitherium christolii Fitzinger, 1842
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m474, 478.)
Halitherium schinzii (Kaup, 1838) Kaup, 1855
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 424, 431-436, 443-444, 454, 456, 460, 464, 472, 474, 476-478, 480, 495, 499.)
Halitherium veronense de Zigno, 1875
(= Prototherium veronense)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m473.)
Hesperosiren Simpson, 1932
(= Metaxytherium)
  x * 1932a Simpson, G.G. (n.gen.; Mioc., Florida; 424, 426-427.)
Hesperosiren crataegensis Simpson, 1932
(= Metaxytherium crataegense)
  x * 1932a Simpson, G.G. (n.gen.n.sp.; Mioc., Florida; 427-443, 455, 464, 478, 495, 499.)
Hydrodamalinae (Palmer, 1895 [1833]) Simpson, 1932
(subfamily)
  x * 1932a Simpson, G.G. (new rank; 424.)
Hydrodamalis Retzius, 1794
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 421-424, 427, 435, 443, 454, 480-482, 485-488, 490, 495-496, 499.)
Manatherium Hartlaub, 1886
(= Halitherium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 424, 474, 495, 499.)
Manatus antiquus Leidy, 1856
(nomen dubium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (history of study; 420-421, 444-445, 470.)
Manatus coulombi Filhol, 1878
(= Eotheroides aegyptiacum)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (syn. of Eotheroides aegyptiacum; m474.)
Manatus giganteus DeKay, 1842
(Cetacea)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m421.)
Manatus inornatus Leidy, 1873
(nomen dubium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (history of study; 420-421, 444-445.)
Mesosiren Abel, 1906
(= Prototherium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 471, 473, 495, 499.)
Metaxytherium de Christol, 1840
  x * 1932a Simpson, G.G. (review; 421-469-474-488, 495-499.)
Metaxytherium beaumonti de Christol in de Blainville, 1844
(nomen dubium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m475.)
Metaxytherium cuvierii (de Christol, 1832) de Christol in de Blainville, 1844
(= Metaxytherium medium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 427, 431-432, 435, 440, 442, 451, 453-454, 456, 468, 475-476, 478-480.)
Metaxytherium floridanum Hay, 1922
  x * 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs., 421, 467; referred to Felsinotherium, 446-447, 496.)
Metaxytherium jordani Kellogg, 1925
(= Dusisiren jordani)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m422, 454, 488, 496.)
Metaxytherium krahuletzi Depéret, 1895
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 451, 453, 458, 468, 475, 478.)
Metaxytherium lovisati Capellini, 1886
(nomen dubium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 464.)
Metaxytherium manigaulti (Cope, 1883) Allen, 1926
(= Dioplotherium manigaulti)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (history of study; 421, 445.)
Metaxytherium meyeri Abel, 1904
(nomen dubium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m475.)
Metaxytherium petersi Abel, 1904
(= Thalattosiren petersi)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m443.)
Miocene
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (Hesperosiren crataegensis, n.gen.n.sp., Felsinotherium ossivallense, n.sp., Florida; 425-426, 445-446, 469, 499.)
Miosiren Dollo, 1889
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 424, 434, 451, 473, 481, 487-488, 495.)
Pachyacanthus Brandt, 1873
(Cetacea)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m481.)
Paraliosiren Abel, 1906
(= Prototherium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m471, 473.)
Phylogeny and Affinities of the Sirenia and/or Desmostylia
(SEE ALSO under species)
  x * 1932a Simpson, G.G. (phylogeny of sirs., 470-492; affinities of sirs., history of study, 492-496.)
Pleistocene
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (Trichechus; Florida; 419-424, 470.)
Pliocene
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (Felsinotherium ossivallense; [actually Mioc.] Florida; 445-446, 469, 499.)
Pontotherium Kaup, 1840
(= Metaxytherium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m481.)
Prohalicore Flot, 1887
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 473, 481, 499.)
Prorastomus sirenoides Owen, 1855
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 422-423, 460, 470-472, 474, 491-492, 495-496, 499.)
Protosiren dolloi Abel, 1904
(= Prototherium veronense; nomen nudum)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 471, 473, 481, 492, 495, 499.)
Prototherium veronense (de Zigno, 1875) de Zigno, 1887
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 423, 444, 471-474, 476-478, 480.)
Pugmeodon Kaup, 1838
(= Halitherium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m481.)
Ribodon limbatus Ameghino, 1883
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. ("R. limbato"; m422.)
Rytiodus Lartet, 1866
(Spelled Rhytiodus by Delfortrie, 1872, and many later authors; this is an unjustified emendation.)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 423-424, 451, 480-481, 495, 499.)
South Carolina
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (review of fossil sirs.; 443-445.)
Thalattosiren petersi (Abel, 1904) Sickenberg, 1928
(= Metaxytherium medium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (comp. w/ other sirs.; 424, 427, 431-433, 441, 443-445, 451, 456, 468, 475-479, 495, 499.)
Trachytherium Gervais, 1849
(= Halitherium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m481.)
Trichechus Linnaeus, 1758
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (Pleist.-Rec., Florida, 419-424, 470; comp. w/ other sirs., 427, 431, 460, 463, 478, 482, 488-492, 495-499.)
Trichechus antiquus (Leidy, 1856) Hay, 1902
(nomen dubium)
  x 1932a Simpson, G.G. (m421.)

Compendium Software Systems, LLC